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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Botulism
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Clostridium botulinum
description: gram+ spore forming rod affect: neuromuscular junction signs: paralysis toxin: yes treatment: antitoxiin immunization: none comment: most powerful toxin known, infant and wound botulism possible |
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Staphylococcal food poisoning
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Staphylococcus aureus
description: gram+ staphylococcus affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: yes treatment: none immunization: none comment: due to enterotoxin, brief incubation period, affects millions annually |
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Clostridial food poisoning
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Clostridium perfringens
description: gram+ spore forming rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea, cramping toxin: Yes treatment: none immunization: none comment: common in protein-rich foods, spores survive cooking |
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Typhoid fever
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Salmonella typhi
description: gram- rod affect: intestine, blood, gall bladder signs: ulcers, fever, rose spots toxin: not established treatment: chloramphenicol immunization: vaccine of dead bacteria comment: spread from carriers, 400 cases annually in USA |
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Salmonellosis
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Salmonella serotypes
description: gram- rods affect: intestine signs: fever, diarrhea, vomiting toxin: not established treatment: not recommended immunization: none comment: poultry products, most reported foodborne disease (40,000 cases yr) |
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Shigellosis
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Shigella serotypes
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea, dysentery toxin: yes treatment: rehydration, antibiotics immunization: none comment: may be accompanied by dysentery, R.plasmids limit antibiotic use |
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Cholera
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Vibrio cholerae
description: gram- curved rod affect: intestine signs: rice-water stools, extreme diarrhea, shock toxin: yes treatment: rehydration immunization: vaccine of dead bacteria comment: dehydration danger, raw seafood, rare in USA |
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Escherichia coli (diarrheas)
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Escherichia coli
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: yes treatment: antibiotics, rehydration immunization: none comment: symptoms due to enterotoxin, enteroinvasive strain seen |
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Campylo-bacteriosis
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Campylobacter jejuni
description: gram- curved rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea, fever toxin: not established treatment: erythromycin immunization: none comment: raw milk, mild to serious symptoms |
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Listeriosis
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Listeria monocytogenes
description: gram+ small rod affect: intestine, meninges, monocytes signs: diarrhea, meningitis toxin: not established treatment: antibiotics immunization: none comment: dangers in pregnancy, associated with animals and maybe soft cheeses |
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Brucellosis
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Brucella species
description: gram- rod affect: spleen, lymph glands signs: undulating fever, joint pain toxin: not established treatment: doxycline, rifampin immunization: none comment: induces abortion in barn animals, hazardous to animal workers |
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Vibrio parahaemolyticus
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Vibrio parahaemolyticus
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: not established treatment: various antibiotics immunization: none comment: associated with seafood |
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Vibrio vulnificus
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Vibrio vulnificus
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: not established treatment: various antibiotics immunization: none comment: associated with shellfish |
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Bacillus cereus
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Bacillus cereus
description: gram+ spore forming rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: yes treatment: none immunization: none comment: spores survive in cooked food |
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Yersinia enterocolitica
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Yersinia enterocolitica
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: not established treatment: various antibiotics immunization: none comment: widely found in animals |
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Pleisomonas shigelloides
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Pleisomonas shigelloides
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: not established treatment: various antibiotics immunization: none comment: occurs in tropical climates |
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Aeromonas hydrophila
agent description affect signs toxin treatment immunization comment |
agent: Aeromonas hydrophila
description: gram- rod affect: intestine signs: diarrhea toxin: yes treatment: various antibiotics immunization: none comment: common in soil and water |