08 - Posterior Triangle/neck Root Laughty

Front 1

at what level is the hyoid bone?

Back 1

CV3

Front 2

where is the hyoid bone located?

Back 2

inferior to mandible; doesn't articulate with any other bone

Front 3

what attaches on the inferior portion of the hyoid bone?

Back 3

thyrohyoid membrane

Front 4

what does the thyrohyoid ligament attach to?

Back 4

thyroid cartilage (open posteriorly)

Front 5

cricoid cartilage?

Back 5

inferior to thyroid cartilage; at level of CV6

Front 6

Adam's apple?

Back 6

laryngeal prominence (where lamina of thyroid cartilage meet)

Front 7

3 structures in the neck found at CV6 level?

Back 7

1) junction of pharynx & esophagus
2) middle cervical sympathetic ganglion
3) verteral artery enters transverse foramen

Front 8

what structure is at the midpoint of the posterior border of the sternocleidomastoid?

Back 8

Spinal nerve XI (accessory nerve)

Front 9

what innervates the skin of the neck?

Back 9

C2, C3, C4

Front 10

4 nerves of the cervical plexus?

Back 10

lesser occipital nerve, greater auricular, transverse cervical, supraclavicular

Front 11

Lesser occipital nerve: root & function?

Back 11

C2; travels posteriorly along border of sternocleidomastoid

supplies skin of neck and scalp behind ear

Front 12

greater auricular nerve: root & function?

Back 12

C2 & C3; vertically crosses sternocleidomastoid; supplies mandible/mastoid

Front 13

transverse cervical nerve: root & function?

Back 13

C2 & C3; crosses sternocleidomastoid horizontally; supplies anterior triangle of neck; joins facial nerve

Front 14

supraclavicular nerve: root & function?

Back 14

C3 & C4; crosses the clavicle; supplies inferior half of posterior triangle of neck & upper thoracic and deltoid regions

Front 15

innervation of platysma?

Back 15

cranial nerve 7 - facial nerve

Front 16

characterization of platysma?

Back 16

from fascia to mandible; very superficial and thin muscle

Front 17

what combines to make external jugular vein?

Back 17

retromandibular & posterior auricular veins

Front 18

what does the external jugular vein drain into?

Back 18

subclavian vein

Front 19

2 types of deep fascia & what they encompass?

Back 19

investing layer - surrounds trapezius & sternocleidomastoid

prevertebral layer - surrounds vertebral column & scalene muscles

Front 20

visceral fasica in neck?

Back 20

surrounds viscera (pharynx, larynx, esophagus, trachea, etc.)

Front 21

carotid sheath?

Back 21

surrounds carotid vessels, internal jugular vein & vagus nerve

Front 22

middle cervical fascia?

Back 22

surrounds infrahyoid strap muscles

Front 23

6 muscles of floor of posterior triangle?

Back 23

splenius capitas/cervicis, anterior/middle/posterior scalene & levator

Front 24

4 structures between investing layer & prevertebral layer?

Back 24

1) CN11
2) inferior belly of omohyoid
3) transverse cervical vessels
4) cutaneous nerves to skin

Front 25

5 structures between prevertebral layer of deep fascia and floor muscles?

Back 25

1) dorsal scapular nerve
2) long thoracic nerve
3) phrenic nerves
4) proximal portion of brachial plexus
5) third part of subclavian artery

Front 26

origin/insertion of sternocleidomastoid?

Back 26

Origin: manubrium & medial end of clavicle
Insertion: mastoid process

Front 27

Action of sternocleidomastoid?

Back 27

turn head to opposite direction of contracted muscle

contraction of both flexes neck

accessory to respiration

Front 28

innervation of sternocleidomastoid?

Back 28

CN11 & branches of C2/C3

Front 29

origin/insertion of anterior scalene muscle?

Back 29

origin: anterior tubercl of transverse process of C3-C6

insert: scalene tubercle of first rib

innervation: C5-C7

Front 30

origin/insertion of middle scalene muscle?

Back 30

origin: posterior tubercle of transverse process of C2-C7

insertion: superior surface of rib 1

Front 31

origin/insertion/innervation of posterior scalene muscle?

Back 31

origin: posterior tubercle of transverse process of C5-C7

insertion: second rib

innervation: C7-C8

Front 32

intermediate tendon, inferior belly, & superior belly of omohyoid?

Back 32

tendon - behind sternocleidomastoid

inferior belly - posterior triangle

superior belly - anterior triangle

Front 33

origin/insertion/innervation of omohyoid?

Back 33

origin: upper border of scapula
insertion: lower border of hyoid bone
innervation: ansa cervicalis

Front 34

strucutres between anterior & middle scalene?

Back 34

brachial plexus rami & subclavian artery

Front 35

structures anterior to anterior scalene?

Back 35

phrenic nerve & subclavian vein

Front 36

where is the transverse cervical artery in relation to posterior triangle/

Back 36

crosses anterior & middle scalene muscles

Front 37

structures immediately above first rib (anterior to posterior)

Back 37

subclavian vein, anterior scalene muscle, subclavian artery, lower brachial plexus, middle scalene muscle

Front 38

what forms brachial plexus?

Back 38

anterior rami of C5-T1

Front 39

3 branches of 3 different anterior rami?

Back 39

phrenic nerve, long thoraric nerve, and dorsal scapular nerve

Front 40

suprascapular nerve is a branch of a?

Back 40

upper trunk

Front 41

how many spaces in sternoclavicular joint?

Back 41

2 - divided by articular disk

Front 42

4 ligaments of sternoclavicular joint?

Back 42

interclavicular ligament
costoclavicular ligament - rib to clavicle
articulate capsule
anterior/posterior sternoclavicular ligament

Front 43

branches of the subclavian artery

Back 43

internal thoraric artery
vertebral artery
thryocervical trunk
costocervical trunk

Front 44

branches of the thyrocervical trunk?

Back 44

inferior thyroid
supraspinal
transverse cervical

Front 45

branches of the inferior thyroid artery?

Back 45

ascending cervical artery - parallels phrenic nerve

inferior laryngeal artery

Front 46

branches & parent of the transverse cervical artery?

Back 46

parent: thyrocervical trunk
branches:
superficial branch; accompanies accessory nerve on trap

deep branch - accompanies dorsal scapular nerve

Front 47

Branch of subclavian artery behind anterior scalene?

Back 47

costocervical trunk

Front 48

branches of costocervical trunk?

Back 48

1) deep cervical artery
2) highest intercostal artery (supplies first two intercostal spaces)

Front 49

what does the subclavian vein join and then form?

Back 49

joins internal jugular vein to form brachiocephalic vein

Front 50

where does the thoracic duct drain?

Back 50

only on left side; drains to junction of jugular & subclavian vein

Front 51

lympthatic drain on right side?

Back 51

yes, lymphatic duct drains to junction of internal jugular & subclavian vein

Front 52

path of vagus nerve in root of neck?

Back 52

passes anterior to subclavian artery and medial to phrenic nerve; right gives off right laryngeal as it passes subclavian artery

Front 53

phrenic nerve

Back 53

C3, C4, C5 keep diaphragm alive

Front 54

3 structures in carotid sheath?

Back 54

common carotid, vagus nerve, internal jugular vein