Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
MIOSIS
|
Pupil constriction (miotic)
|
|
|
MYDRIASIS
|
Pupil dilation (mydriatic)
Sympathetic Nervous System response |
|
|
MYOPIA
|
Near sightedness. Inability to focus. The light is focused in front of the retina. Corrected with concave (divergent) lens.
|
|
|
HYPEROPIA / HYPERMETROPIA
|
Far sightedness.
|
|
|
Refraction
|
Bending of light rays as it passes from one medium into and through another. More at cornea than lens.
|
|
|
Divergence
|
Light rays of viewed object open (diverge) the closer it is to the eyeball. 20 feet usually critical distance.
|
|
|
CONVERGENCE
|
Eyeballs medially rotate (inward) to view object as it becomes clearer.
|
|
|
ACCOMMODATION
|
Changes in focus from distance to close vision (under 20 ft.)
1-ciliary muscle contracts 2-miosis 3-convergence |
|
|
PRESBYOPIA
|
Inability to accommodate. Bifocals.
|
|
|
ARGYLL-ROBERTSON EYE
|
Syphyllis (prostitute's pupil)
"she Accommodates but doesn't React" (to light) Lesion in superior colliculus of midbrain |
|
|
ASTIGMATISM
|
Unequal curvature in the lens or cornea resulting in blurred vision.
|
|
|
CATARACTS
|
Opacities (clouding) of the lens resulting in loss of sight.
|
|
|
PUPILLARY REFLEX
|
Constriction of a pupil when light is shined into eye.
|
|
|
CONSENSUAL REFLEX
|
Constriction of both pupils when light shined into eye.
|
|
|
What is wrong if light shined in RIGHT Eye and only the LEFT pupil constricts?
|
Right CN III lesion.
If the light is shined in either eye but only the left pupil constricts, it's Cranial Nerve III (Oculomotor). |
|
|
What is wrong if light is shined in the LEFT eye and only the LEFT pupil constricts?
|
Right CN III Lesion.
If the light is shined in either eye but only the left pupil constricts, it's Cranial Nerve III (Oculomotor). |
|
|
What if light is shined in the RIGHT eye and NO pupil constricts?
|
Right CN II Lesion.
Cranial Nerve II (Optic Nerve) |
|
|
What if light is shined in the LEFT eye and both pupils constrict?
|
Right CN II Lesion
Cranial Nerve II (Optic Nerve) |
|
|
PALPEBRAE
|
eyelids
|
|
|
MEDIAL CANTHUS
|
SECTION OF UPPER EYELID with lacrimal drainage system and medial canthal tendon, a fibrous extension of the tarsus, which inserts into lacrimal crest of the lacrimal bone. Surrounds lacrimal sac, involved with lacrimal pump.
|
|
|
LATERAL CANTHUS
|
SECTION OF UPPER EYELID (PALPEBRAE) superior to the medial canthus along the orbital rim. Deep to the eyelid skin and orbicularis muscle, extension of tarsus. helps form lateral retinaculum.
|
|
|
CONJUNCTIVA
|
BLOODSHOT EYES (vascular unlike cornea, so heals better). Transparent mucous membrane covering inner surface of eyelid (palpebral) and anterior surface of eyeball (bulbar) except cornea. A closed system.
|
|
|
LACRIMAL APPARATUS
|
Lacrimal (gland) and series of ducts which drain tears into nasal cavity.
|
|
|
LACRIMAL GLAND
|
Part of lacrimal (tear) apparatus, size/shape of almond in medial corner of orbit. Cleanse, lubricte, O2, nutrients to conjunctiva, prevent infection with lysozyme.
|
|
|
LACRYMAL DUCTS
|
Excretory for tears.
|
|
|
NASOLACRYMAL DUCT
|
Carries tears to inferior meatus of nasal cavity so we swallow them. Lots of tears = runny nose. Clogged when we have a cold so eyes water.
|
|
|
EXTRINSIC EYE MUSCLES and their Cranial Nerves
|
SUPERIOR (rollup), MEDIAL(move in), and INFERIOR RECTUS(roll down), as well as INFERIOR OBLIQUE (up and out) are CN III, Oculomotor. LATERAL RECTUS (move out) is CN VI, Abcducens. Superior Oblique (depresses and moves out) is CN IV, Trochlear.
|
|
|
What is a mnemonic device for the nervous control of extrinsic eye muscles?
|
(LR6, SO4)3
|
|
|
What cranial nerve is like a "hook" which closes the eye (nmenonic device)?
|
CN VII (the number seven looks l ike a hook).
|
|
|
What cranial nerve is like a pillar which opens the eye (nmemonic device)?
|
CN III (the roman numeral III looks like a pillar, which would hold the eye open.
|
|
|
SCLERA
|
White of the eye
|
|
|
CORNEA
|
Clear
|
