Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Grafting - types
|
Autograft
Allograft Xenograft Alloplastic material |
|
|
What's GTR?
|
Guided Tissue Regeneration
Using a barrier membrane to stop epithelium from collapsing into root surface and allow PDL cells to go into the defects and regenerate. |
|
|
What's disad of GTR?
|
Leaves the wound open
Lack of wound stability Clinically unpredictable |
|
|
What is GBR
|
Guided bone regeneration
Similar to GTR. Used in Implant Works well. Aims to regenerate bone instead of tissues Closed wound |
|
|
What is Emdogain and how does it work?
|
use of amelogenin (enamel matrix protein) which induces dental follicle cells to regenerate cementum.
Results are similar to GTR (unpredictable) From piglets |
|
|
Why is tissue regeneration difficult and clinically unpredictable?
|
PDL is very complex
Lack of understanding of mechanisms |
|
|
Name some of the growth factors to stimulate regeneration.
|
PDGF (Platelet derived GF)
IGF1 (Insulin-like GF1) FGF (Fibroblast GF) BMPs (Bone morphogenetic proteins) |
|
|
Order of wound healing?
|
1. Epithelium
2. Gingival CT 3. Bone 4. Cementum & PDL |
|
|
Repair definition
|
the restoration of new tissue that does not replicate the structure and function of the lost tissue, and is analogous to scar tissue formation.
|
|
|
Define reattachment
|
reunion of connective tissue to the root surface on which viable periodontal ligament is still present,
|
|
|
Define New attachment
|
the reunion of connective tissues with a pathologically exposed root surface (no PDL)
(may or may not include new cementum) |
|
|
Define Regeneration
|
is defined as a reproduction or
reconstitution of a lost or injured part in such a way that architecture and function are completely restored. |
|
|
The periodontal ligament is very important in periodontal regeneration. Why?
|
Because the progenitor
cells required for cementum formation (and hence new attachment formation) reside in the periodontal ligament and not bone. |
|
|
How does the periodontium heal following conventional periodontal treatment?
|
apical migration of the junctional epithelium along the root surface.
Epithelium adheres to the root surface |
|
|
What are the Regenerative procedures?
|
|
|
|
What does Root conditioning involve?
|
Washing the root in acids to promote reattachment of PDL
|
|
|
What is the aim of root conditioning?
|
new attachment formation
rather than true regeneration |
|
|
What are the types of Bone Grafting?
|
Osteogenic
Osteoinductive Osteoconductive |
|
|
Define Osteogenic
|
The formation of new bone from osteoblasts that are transplanted as a viable component in autogenous bone grafts.
|
|
|
Define Osteoinductive
|
The formation of new bone through proliferation of mesenchymal cells which differentiate into osteoblasts under the influence of inducing agents.
|
|
|
Define Osteoconductive
|
The process by which host osteoblast precursors infiltrate, proliferate, differentiate and
form new bone in a favourable environment. Osteoconductive agents act as a scaffold on which bone matrix can be deposited. |
|
|
• How predictable are the currently available periodontal regeneration techniques?
|
Procedures are very clinically sensitive;
The periodontium structure is complex; Lack understanding of biological mechanisms. |
|
|
• How may novel biological advances using growth factors and tissue engineering be useful in achieving regeneration?
|
Growth factors: use of polypeptide hormones to stimulate proliferation, chemotaxis, differentiation and production of extracellular matrix.
Tissue Engineering: Growing tissue in incubator and is implanted to act as a framework where the tissues will grow for regeneration |
|
|
indications of GTR?
|
- attachment loss > 4mm
- 2 or 3 wall bony defects - class II furcations - adequate attached gingiva |
