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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is CYP2D6?
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drug metabolizing enzyme that is necessary to metabolize pharmacological substances.
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What is a PM phenotype?
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poor metabolizer: if a person has 2 defective CYP2D6 alleles (genotype)
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What is an EM phenotype?
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extensive metabolizer: if a person has 2 normal CYP2D6 alleles (genotype)
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What is genetic polymorphism in pharmacology?
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strictly defined by the presence of a specific genetic abnormality (genotype) in >1% of a population and presents as a different phenotype in any condition
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What about people who have 1 defective CYP2D6 allele?
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they can usually metabolize just fine, but they are not defined as EM pts
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What is the best possible metabolism situation for a drug in reference to genetics?
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if the body has multiple pathways of metabolism, so if one is defective, there is an alternate
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What is significant about CYP-450 3A polymorphisms and drug metabolism?
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nothing. there are no significant 3A polymorphisms that hinder drug metabolism that we need to be worried about.
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What is significant about CYP-450 2D6 polymorphisms and drug metabolism?
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Caucasian pts are most susceptible to being a PM. Codeine metabolism is effected by 2D6 defects.
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What is the relationship of codeine and 2D6?
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2D6 converts codeine to morphine, which is what provides analgesic benefits. 2D6 PMs won't get help w/ codeine
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What is significant about CYP-450 2C9 polymorphisms and drug metabolism?
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glipizide for DM-II, so if its not being metabolized, then the blood glucose will go lower for longer... careful!
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What is significant about CYP-450 2C19 polymorphisms and drug metabolism?
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Omeprazole used to treat peptic ulcers by H. pylori. slower metabolism, more effective, so PMs actually had better clearance.
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What is S-omeprazole?
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Nexium, and is metabolized by C19 and 3A4 so metabolism is different than R-omeprazole which is ONLY cleared by C19 only
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What is significant about NAT2 polymorphisms and drug metabolism?
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highly polymorphic and responsible for caffeine metabolism. NAT2 metabolizes by acetylating caffeine and clearing it
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