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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the three members of the Filovirus family?
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1. Marburg virus
2. Ebola virus 3. Reston virus |
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What is most concerning about Filovirus?
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HIGH HIGH mortality. something like 50% +
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What is the structure of Filovirus?
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long pleomorphic filamentous shape with a signature hook
helical capsid negative ssRNA enveloped |
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What is the epidemiology of Filovirus?
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most of the time it's because people handle infected meat (specifically African bush meat)
reservoir unknown, but suspected to be rodent, bat, or monkey |
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Where does the Filoviruses Ebola and Marburg concentrate during infection?
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adrenal glands, kidneys, lungs, lymph nodes, liver, spleen
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What causes hemorrhaging with Filoviruses like Ebola and Marburg?
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replication causes extensive necrosis of parenchymal cells, platelets become completely dysfunctional
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What is antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE)?
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when Ab binds to virus, it grants access to the Ab:virus into cells. this phenomena occurs in Ebola and Marburg infections. this presents problems with Ab creating vaccine possibilities.
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How does Filovirus infection present clinically?
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2-21 day incubation
1. abrupt onset of illness - systemic symptoms 2. second and third days sore throat 3. fifth day - profuse bleeding for ALL mucosa |
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How can you dx Filovirus?
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every body fluid shows ebola
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What is the tx for ebola/filoviruses?
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no tx, no vaccine, just supportive, isolate pts
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What are Flaviviruses?
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viruses spread by insects and cause different diseases including hemorrhagic fever. arboviruses are included in this family, although arboviruses just include viruses that transmit via an insect vector.
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What is the structure of a Flavivirus?
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positive ssRNA
enveloped icosahedral capsid |
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What are all viruses carried by an insect vector?
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arboviruses
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What are the four most concerning viruses that are arboviruses?
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1. Japanese encephalitis virus - causing CNS disease Culex mosquito vector
2. St. Louis encephalitis virus - most widespread encephalitis disease in US Culex mosquito vector 3. Dengue virus/break bone fever 4. Yellow fever |
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Where is dengue virus usually found in the US?
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gulf coast states
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What is the progress of dengue fever relative to number of infections?
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1st time - break bone fever, 103-105, uncommonly presents with rash, self-limiting
2nd time and anytime afterward - hemorrhagic fever, bad news bears |
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How does yellow fever present?
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3-7 day innoculation
viremia established chills, headache, backache, flu-like symptoms caused by IFN response to virus |
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How can your body get rid of yellow fever?
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you must have a cellular and humoral response, self-limiting
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What is the primary site of infection for yellow fever?
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liver
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What is yellow fever also known as?
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black vomit disease
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What is the tx for yellow fever?
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self-limiting, but there is a live-attenuated vaccine available
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What is Bunyavirus?
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family containing Hantavirus
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What is the structure of Hantavirus?
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segmented negative ssRNA
helical capsid enveloped |
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How does Hantavirus present?
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Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) which causes an acute and very quick onset of general malaise followed by (one week later) rapid pulmonary failure
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What is the Hantavirus vector?
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deer mouse. people get it by inhaling mouse poop.
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What is Hantavirus tx?
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supportive care as early as possible. you can prevent it by getting rid of rodents and rodent poop.
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