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23 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What genera of adenoviruses cause disease in humans?
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Mastadenovirus, there are 52 serotypes (Ad1-Ad52)
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What is a general rule for adenovirus serotypes and where they infect?
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lower = < Ad40 is respiratory
upper = < Ad40 is GI |
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How are Mastadenovirus catagorized beyond serotypes?
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Subgroups A - F based on their ability to hemagglutinate erythrocytes
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What is the structure of adenovirus Mastadenovirus?
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non-envelope
linear dsDNA icosahedron |
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What is the route of transmission of adenovirus Mastadenovirus in man?
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fomite, respiratory droplets, fecal/oral
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What is significant about how adenovirus shed?
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even after infection clears, adenovirus has stealth gene cassettes that hide cells from the immune system so that they can hang around and be persistently infectious
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What is endemic respiratory disease?
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adenovirus mastadenovirus infection presenting as fever, sore throat, coryza (runny nose). self limiting, supportive care.
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What is good about endemic respiratory disease?
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the Ab response is long lasting, so you will not get a recurrent episode with the same serotype. you are, though, susceptible to another serotype
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What is pharyngoconjunctival fever/swimmers eye/pink eye?
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sore throat AND conjunctivitis. adenovirus is spread in the environment, conjunctivitis is non-purulent, self limiting, supportive care. ophthalmic steroid tx used, but not necessary.
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What is acute respiratory disease (ARD)?
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adenovirus infection that is most common among demographics that are held in close quarters for long periods of time.
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What two types of keratoconjunctivitis occurs with adenovirus?
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1. sporadic acute follicular conjunctivitis - benign, self limiting (pink eye)
2. epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) - medical emergency! highly contagious! protect yourself as a dr! spread to both eyes, acute water discharge, pts feel something stuck in their eye when there is nothing there, pseudomembrane forms, infiltrates can block vision causing permanent damage! children in asia |
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What are some rare adenovirus infections that can occur?
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1. adenoviral pneumonia
2. pertussis/whooping cough 3. intrussuception (telescoping bowel) 4. hemorrhagic cystitis 5. severe kidney infections (Ad11) |
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What cancers are related to adenovirus?
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NONE in humans
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What is the preventative tx for adenovirus?
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LIVE adenovirus vaccines are available
1. asymptomatic respiratory virus ingested as an enteric coated capsule 2. immunity specific, so each serotype requires a unique vaccine |
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What is the only Parvovirus that we must concern ourselves with?
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Erythrovirus B19
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What is a dependovirus or an adenoassociated virus (AAV)?
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genera of parvovirus that doesn't cause disease in humans and must use another virus to be efficacious
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What is the structure of parvovirus B19?
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ssDNA
icosahedran non-enveloped so HIGHLY CONTAGIOUS |
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When does maximal virus shedding of B19 take place?
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BEFORE symptoms appear
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What is the pathogenesis of B19 parvovirus?
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targets erythroid progenitor cells, incubates (1 - 2 weeks) in the immature erythrocytes that leads to lysis of the RBC -> anemia.
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How does B19 parvovirus present in adults and children?
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1. adults - polyarthritis
2. children - face slap rash 3. in utero - normal birth to stillbirth if mother has primary infection while pregnant and it crosses the placenta. |
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What is hydrops fetalis?
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a condition that parvovirus infected neonates suffer. in utero infections produce this severe edema, congestive heart failure,
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What is erythema infectiosum or Fifth's Disease?
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slapped face disease with the kids that have been infected with B19 parvovirus. can also present with lacy red rash on other parts of the body. by the time the rash comes along, pts are no longer contagious.
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What should you do with pregnant women who has been exposed to B19?
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do Ab titers. IgM means that it's a primary infection, so if you see IgM, keep a close eye.
IgG means that it's not a primary infection. |
