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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What Layer does a Repeater Function?
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Layer 1
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What does a Repeater do? (2)
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- Takes Signal, Cleans it up and sends it out crisp and clear.
- Prevents Attenuation. |
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What is Attenuation?
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Degration of Singal Clarity
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What is an "Amplifier" on Analog Networks? (2)
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- Device that Boost Signals
- must keep original shape of singal (includes noise boost) |
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What does a Hub do?
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- Ties several network cables together to create a link between different stations.
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What is a "hub" also know as?
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Multi-port Repeater
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what is an active hub?
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plugged into electrical power and amps signal.
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what is a passive hub?
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not plugged into electrical power and no signal amp.
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What is a Topology?
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the Pysical layout of the network.
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What Layer does a hub operate at?
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Layer 1
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Advantages of Hubs & Repeaters (3)
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- Extends network distance.
- do not affect network performance. - can connect multiple networks via different media. |
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Disadvantages of Hubs & Repeaters (3)
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- cannot connect different network arcitectures.
- do not reduce network traffic. - do not segment network. |
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Segment
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creating logical or physical divisions in a network.
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What are Wireless Access Points used for?
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provide cell-based areas where laptops & PDA's can connect to a network.
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Where do Wireless Access Points operate in the OSI model?
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Layer 1 & 2
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What is the wireless standard for IEEE?
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802.11
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What is the frequency for 802.11?
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2.4 GHz
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What is the frequency for 802.11b?
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2.4 GHz
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What is the frequency for 802.11a?
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5 GHz
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What is the frequency for 802.11g?
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2.4 Ghz
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What Layer does a Repeater Function?
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Layer 1
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What does a Repeater do? (2)
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- Takes Signal, Cleans it up and sends it out crisp and clear.
- Prevents Attenuation. |
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What is Attenuation?
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Degration of Singal Clarity
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What is an "Amplifier" on Analog Networks? (2)
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- Device that Boost Signals
- must keep original shape of singal (includes noise boost) |
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What does a Hub do?
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- Ties several network cables together to create a link between different stations.
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What is a "hub" also know as?
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Multi-port Repeater
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what is an active hub?
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plugged into electrical power and amps signal.
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what is a passive hub?
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not plugged into electrical power and no signal amp.
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What is a Topology?
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the Pysical layout of the network.
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What Layer does a hub operate at?
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Layer 1
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Advantages of Hubs & Repeaters (3)
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- Extends network distance.
- do not affect network performance. - can connect multiple networks via different media. |
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Disadvantages of Hubs & Repeaters (3)
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- cannot connect different network arcitectures.
- do not reduce network traffic. - do not segment network. |
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Segment
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creating logical or physical divisions in a network.
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What are Wireless Access Points used for?
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provide cell-based areas where laptops & PDA's can connect to a network.
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Where do Wireless Access Points operate in the OSI model?
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Layer 1 & 2
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What is the wireless standard for IEEE?
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802.11
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What is the frequency for 802.11?
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2.4 GHz
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What is the frequency for 802.11b?
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2.4 GHz
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What is the frequency for 802.11a?
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5 GHz
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What is the frequency for 802.11g?
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2.4 Ghz
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"ESS" within Wireless
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Extended Service Set
- Allows roaming due to multi access points |
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"BSS" within Wireless
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Basic Service Set
- Single access pint available |
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WEP (2)
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Wired Equivalent Privacy
- Lower-level encryption - RC4 Algorithm For Home |
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WPA (2)
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Wi-Fi protected Access
- Higher Level Encryption - TKIP Algorithm For Home and Small Office |
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WPA2 (2)
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Wi-Fi Protected Access V2
- Highest Level Encryption - AES algorithm For Home and Small Office |
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802.11i
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IEEE standard based on WPA2
- Highest level encryption - AES algorithm For Business |
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2 advantages of Wireless
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- Work anywhere within range of service
- Extend network w/ out running wire |
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what is Network Segmentation?
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The breakdown of a network into smaller groups or "segments"
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What Layer does a Bridge Operate at in OSI model?
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Layer 2
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what does a Bridge do?
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filter traffic between segment by examing destination MAC address.
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What happens when data enters a Bridge?
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It either forwards it or discards it. It will only froward if MAC address is on other segment.
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what do Bridges do with broadcast traffic?
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Always forwards
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How to Bridges decide to forward data?
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reviews destination MAC address in "Bridging Table". If MAC is not in table, it is forwarded.
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What is a "Source-Routing Bridge"?
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A bridge that relies on the source of the fram to provide routing direction
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What is a "Transparent Bridge"?
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AKA "Learning Bridge"
- A bridge that builds table well frames come in |
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What is a "Translation Bridge"?
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A bridge that connect different network architectures.
example: Ethernet to TokenRing |
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Advantages of a Bridge (3)
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- Extend Network
- Segment Network - Connect network via different media or architectures |
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Disadvantages of Bridges (3)
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- Slower then Repeaters
- Do not filter broadcast traffic - More expensive then repeater |
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What is a "broadcast storm"?
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- 2 or more stations transmit excessive broadcast traffic.
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What Layer of the OSI model to "Switches" operate at?
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Layer 2
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What do Switches do?
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- Reduce the number of frames transmitted over entire network by opening virtual circuits for connections.
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what is"Microsegmentation"?
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In reference to a Switch, it is the process of opening a virtual circuit between source and destination so they can communicate at full bandwidth.
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What are the Advantages of Switches? (3)
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- Increase Bandwidth
- Increase Performance - Create collision domain on each connection |
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What are the Disadvantages of Switches? (2)
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- More expensive then a Bridge
- Connectivity problems are difficult to trace |
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What is a Gateway?
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Translates between different protocol suites.
example: software on Windows Server '03 os Macintosh computers can connect. |
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What Layer of the OSI model does a Router operate at?
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Layer 3, Network
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What do Routers do? (2)
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- Filter & Control traffic on LAN/WAN while connecting multiple segments & networks together.
- Create collision domains |
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what is an "internetwork" when referring to routers?
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a Network connected by multiple routers
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How to Routers filter traffic?
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by the Logical Address
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How to Routers handle broadcast traffic?
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They do NOT forward it.
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Advantages of a Router (3)
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- Connect different network architectures
- Choose best path to transfer - Reduce traffice with broadcast and collision domains |
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Disadvantages of a Router (3)
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- only work with routable network protocols
- More expensive - Slower then other devices |
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What is Ethernet and discuss the history?
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- It is a Network Access Method or Media Access Method.
- U-Hawaii, Xerox in 1980's |
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What is the IEEE standard for Ethernet?
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802.3
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CSMA/CD
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Carrier Sense Multi Access w/ Collision Detection
- prevents data packets from colliding |
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what is IFG and IPG?
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InterFrame Gap/ InterPacket Gap
- When collision occurs, the network traffic is stopped for 9.6 micro sec. |
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What is Fast Ethernet?
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- 100BaseT
- runs at 100mbps |
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IEEE standard to Fast Ethernet?
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802.3u
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What is Gigabit Ethernet?
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- 1000BaseX
- runs at 1000mbps |
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IEEE standards for Gigabit Ethernet?
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802.3z and 802.3ab
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Half-Duplex
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Cannot send and receive at the same time
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Full-Duplex
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Can send and receive at the same time
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