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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What would you expect to find in a diabetic pt. who presents with signs of a fungal infection? What most likely predisposed this patient to this type of infection?
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Nonseptate Hyphae
Diabetic ketoacidosis Diabetic fungal infections - Think Rhizopus oryzae & Mucor species Acute sinusitis, nasal discharge & sinus pain are all associated w/ mucormycosis |
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How would one develop Sporothrix Schenckii? What would it look like under a microscope?
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Sporothrix Schenkii causes hard, nontender subcutaneous nodules
Microscope: Cigar-shaped budding yeast Pt contracts this through thorns..."rose gardner's" disease Sporothrix....think THORNS |
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How would you treat Sporothrix Schenkii?
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Itraconazole
Fluconazole & Ketaconazole are not acceptable |
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A Cuban refugee in a camp develops fever, chills & headache. On the next day he develops delirium and a rash which extends to his palms of his hands and soles of his feet. What is the most likely agent?
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Rickettsia Prowazekii (Typhus)
Rash: Rickettsii on the wRist, Typhus on the Trunk Prowazekii (Typhus) starts on the trunk and spreads to the hands & feet Rickettsii starts on the hands and feet & spreads to the trunk |
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How does a Rickettsial infection cause a rash?
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Damage to the endothelial cells in small vessels & secondary capillary leakage
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What are the treatments of choice for Rickettsial infections? What are their MOAs?
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Doxycycline - Inhibits 30s ribosomes
Chloramphenicol - Inhibits 50s ribosomes |
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What are the most likely causative agents of Otitis Media?
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#1 = S. Pneumo....what is it's G/Catalase/Coagulase etc.
#2 = H. Influenzae...same as above |
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What would be the most likely causative agent of pneumonia in a pt. w/ CF?
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Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
Obligate Aerobe G- Rod Lactose Non-Fermenter Oxidase Pos |
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Which organism is grown on a Thayer-Martin media?
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N. Gonorrhoeae
G- Cocci Maltose Neg Faculative intracellular bug (Some Nasty Bugs May Live FaculativeLy) Encapsulated (Kapsules Shield SHiN) |
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Female w/ fever, abdominal pain, cervical motion tenderness, mucopurulent cervical discharge growing on a Thayer-Martin media...Diagnosis?
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N. Gonorrhoeae
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Female presents w/ vaginitis, burning, & cheesy white discharge...diagnosis?
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Candida Albicans
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Female patient presents w/ a chancre & pelvic pain...diagnosis?
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Treponema Pallidum (syphilis)
Can't be grown in a lab |
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Female pt presents w/ green, foul-smelling, frothy vaginal discharge...diagnosis?
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Trichomonas Vaginalis
Treated w/ Metronidazole Elementary bodies - enfect Reticular bodies - replicate |
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Pt. presents w/ fever, retro-orbital pain, backache, black stool & black vomit...what is the vector?
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Mosquitos
Black vomit = pathomneumonic Councilman bodies (hepatocyte inclusions) = pathomneumonic Pt has Yellow Fever Mneumonic: "Mosquitos that are Black & Yellow can kill a fellow" Dengue Fever = Breakbone fever |
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What is the major cause of "barking cough?"
Describe it's viral family & other members in it |
Parainfluenza virus
PaRaMyxoviruses: Parainfluenza RSV Measles (rubeola) Mumps |
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A child presents w/ a distinctive erythematous rash on both cheeks. His mother is pregnant w/ a second child.
What does the kid have, what could happen to moms fetus & what is unique about the virus/parasite/bacterium infecting the boy? |
Fifth Disease (slapped cheeks) - B19 Virus
Parvovirus family: Non-enveloped & SINGLE STRANDED DNA Mother's fetus is at risk of hydrops fetalis |
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Which bacteria are most likely involved in uncomplicated UTI?
Recurrent UTI? |
Uncomplicated = E. Coli (80%)
Recurrent: Enterobacter Aerogenes & Pseudomonas Aeruginosa |
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Pt w/ current HIV infection, at which level of CD4 count would you expect them to present w/:
Pneumocystis Jiroveci Reactivation of HSV Oral thrush CMV retinitis |
<200
<200 <400 <50 |
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Female presents in the ER 7 days after her menstrual cycle ended w/ fever, headache, myalgia, NVD, skin rash what would be the most likely causative agent? What is this called?
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S. Aureus
Toxic Shock Syndrome Similar presentation to Steven-Johnson's Syndrome & Toxic Epidermal Necrosis (TEN); however these two are associated w/ meds & TEN causes BULLAE |
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What would be the most likely cause of infectious arthritis in an IV drug abuser? Describe its characteristics
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S. Aureus
G+ Cocci, Catalase +, Coagulase + Rx = Naficillin |
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A breastfeeding mother presents w/ pain & swelling in her breast. The breast is tender & erythematous. What is the most likely causative agent?
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S. Aureus
S. Epidermidis is also a common skin organism, but it is not implicated in mastitis |
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Which type of cells line the 3rd & 4th ventricles?
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Ependymal Cells
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Which type of cells would be most commonly associated w/ a lymphoma in a pt. w/ HIV:
CMV EBV HSV-1 HSV-2 Human Papilomavirus |
EBV
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Steph Galuk presents in your ER w/ a foul smelling vag & you suspect UTI. Her urinary pH = 8.0 What would be the most likely agent:
E. Coli Candida Albicans Enterococcus Faecalis Proteus Mirabilis S. Saprophyticus |
Proteus Mirabilis
Urease producers: "Particular Kinds Have Urease" Protues Klebsiella H. Pylori Ureaplasma |
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Which type of WBC would show a characteristic METACHROMATIC STAINING when stained w/ toluidine blue?
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Basophils
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Describe the location of the spinous processes in relation to the transverse processes in the thoracic region
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Rules of three:
T1-T3 = Same level T4-T6 = 1/2 vertebrae below T7-T9 = 1 vertebrae below T10 - T12 = Returns to same level |
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Your patient presents w/ a waiter's tip sign, where is the lesion most likely located?
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Superior Trunk
Erb's palsy affects C5-C6 Causes: Baby delivered by pulling on their head Fall on head/neck increasing angle between neck & shoulder (fall from horse/motorcycle) |
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Your patient presents to you w/ a "claw hand." Where is the lesion most likely located?
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Medial cord
Klumpke's Palsy affects C8 - T1 Causes: Falling and grabbing a tree branch Baby being born and being pulled by arm |
