0112100830 - Mfm Ii - Normal Flora (Biel)

Front 1

What are the commensal organisms of the skin?

Back 1

1) Corynebacterium
2) Propionibacterium
3) Staphylococcus

Front 2

Are most of the bacteria on the skin Gram(+) or Gram(-)?

Back 2

Gram(+) because (-) have trouble surviving in a dry environment.

Front 3

What is the significance of Corynebacterium diphtheriae as part of the normal flora of the skin?

Back 3

Post infection a person can have this become part of their normal flora. It can be transferred between people via direct contact or respiratory droplets. Also, there are toxigenic strains and non-toxigenic strains. The toxigenic strain can transfer via phage.

Front 4

What is the significance of Propionibacterium acnes as part of the normal flora of the skin?

Back 4

this causes acne. around puberty, it's number increases something like 100,000 fold, which causes pubescent acne.

Front 5

What is the significance of Staphylococcus as a part of the normal flora of the skin?

Back 5

Staphyloccocus aureus in the anterior nares of 30% of population. 20% of the "infected" population are transiently infected. Some people have such a high level of transient infection that they cannot work in a micro lab because they will contaminate everything they touch.

Front 6

Are the organisms in the mouth and upper respiratory tract anaerobes or aerobes?

Back 6

Anaerobes

Front 7

What anaerobic bacteria are found in the mouth?

Back 7

Actinomyces israelii
Fusobacterium
Peptostreptococcus
Streptococcus pneumoniae & Streptococcus pyogenes

Front 8

What aerobic bacteria are found in the mouth?

Back 8

Haemophilus influenzae (nonencapsulated)
Neisseria meningitidis
Staphylococcus aureus

Front 9

What common commensal organisms exist in the lower respiratory tract?

Back 9

none! this bad boy is sterile!

Front 10

What common commensal organisms exist in the eye and ear?

Back 10

Staphylococcus

Front 11

What are the common commensal organisms of the GI tract?

Back 11

esophagus - none
stomach - H. pylori, Lactobacillus, Strep
intestines - anaerobes: Bacteroides, E. coli, Bifidobacterium, Eubacterium

Front 12

What are the common commensal organisms of the Genitourinary tract?

Back 12

posterior urethra - normally sterile
anterior urethra - E. coli, Lactobacillus, Staph, Strep
vagina before puberty - various
vaina after puberty - Lactobacillus

Front 13

What are the three benefits of normal flora?

Back 13

1) Vitamin K
2) No vacancy makes it more difficult for other bacteria to colonize
3)?

Front 14

What are the risks of normal flora?

Back 14

can cause problematic infections under certain circumstances

Front 15

What types of colonization can occur when a person is exposed to an organism?

Back 15

1) transient colonization
2) permanent colonization
3) disease

Front 16

transient colonization

Back 16

bacterium settles on skin or mucosa. is sloughed or washed off and does not colonize permanently.

Front 17

permanent colonization

Back 17

bacterium settles on skin or mucosa, but attaches and colonizes. commensal organisms can be transient or permanent, but are not disease causing. these are normal flora.

Front 18

disease causing

Back 18

attach to host cell surface and cause disease - pathogenic. can be strict pathogens or opportunistic pathogens.

Front 19

opportunistic pathogens

Back 19

disease causing organisms that will first colonize w/o disease, but then with the right circumstances become disease causing.

Front 20

strict pathogens

Back 20

colonize = disease = pathogenic infection

Front 21

What are some examples of strict pathogens that are common?

Back 21

1) Mycobacterium tuberculosis = tuberculosis
2) Neisseria gonorrhoeae = gonorrhea
3) vibrio cholerae = cholera
4) Yersinia pestis = bubonic plague

Front 22

What are community infections?

Back 22

infections acquired by individuals outside a hospital

Front 23

What are nosocomial infections?

Back 23

infections acquired by individuals inside a hospital

Front 24

What is a zoonotic pathogen?

Back 24

primary host is an animal, but can cause disease in people.

Front 25

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Anthrax?

Back 25

1) Bacillus anthracis
2) cattle, sheep, goats
3) infected animals, animal products
4) no human to human transmission

Front 26

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Campylobacter?

Back 26

1) Campylobacter jejuni
2) wild mammals, cattle, sheep, pets
3) contaminated food and water
4) yes, human to human transmission

Front 27

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Leptospirosis?

Back 27

1) Leptospira species
2) cattle, rodents
3) water contaminated with urine
4) no human to human transmission

Front 28

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Lyme disease?

Back 28

1) Borrelia burgdorferi
2) deer, rodents
3) ticks, transplacentally
4) no human to human transmission

Front 29

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Murine typhus?

Back 29

1) Rickettsia typhi
2) rodents
3) fleas
4) no human to human transmission

Front 30

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Pasteurellosis?

Back 30

1) Pasteurella multocida
2) oral cavities of cats and dogs
3) bites, scratches
4) no human to human transmission

Front 31

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Plague?

Back 31

1) Yersinia pestis
2) rodents
3) fleas
4) yes

Front 32

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes yersinia?

Back 32

1) Yersinia enterocolitica
2) wild mammals, pigs, cattle, pets
3) fecal-oral
4) yes

Front 33

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Rickettsialpox?

Back 33

1) Rickettsia akari
2) ticks
3) ticks
4) no

Front 34

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever?

Back 34

1) Rickettsia rickettsii
2) ticks
3) ticks
4) no

Front 35

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Salmonellosis?

Back 35

1) Salmonella
2) poultry, livestock
3) contaminated food
4) yes

Front 36

What organism, reservoir, mode of transmission, and human-human transmission character causes Tularemia?

Back 36

1) Francisella tularensis
2) animals, birds, amphibians, arthropods
3) ticks, rabbits, cats
4) no