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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is "Invalid Statement" painful to the "logician's ear?"
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Statements cannot be valid or invalid. Only arguments can.
Remember that statements consist of premises. Premises can only be true or false. Added 2/3/11 - Arguments can be valid/invalid as well as sound/unsound. These two sets of conditions imply different things. |
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An argument is unsound, are its premises true or false?
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This cannot be determined.
Remember that an argument must be valid and its premises true, in order for the argument to be unsound. It may be the case that either of these conditions fail or both. |
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Is the following argument sound?
An argument is based off of 4 premises, however, 1 premise is false, while the other 3 are true. |
No, only 1 premise needs to be incorrect for the entire argument to be unsound.
Remember that an argument is only as strong as the verity of the premises it possesses. |
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Definition: Logic
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The analysis and appraisal of arguments
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Definition: Philosophy
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Reasoning about the ultimate questions in life
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Definition: Argument
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A set of statements consisting of premises and a conclusion. Normally the premises give evidence for the conclusion.
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Definition: Valid
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An argument is valid, if the premises if taken as true, it's contradictory for the conclusion to be false.
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Definition: (∴)
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Therefore
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Definition: Logical Form
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An argument's arrangement of logical notions (If, Then, Not) and content phrases.
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Definition: Sound Argument
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An argument is sound if it is both valid and every premise is true.
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Can an argument have only one premise?
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Yes
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What are the three ways to criticize an argument?
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(1) Prove the argument to be unsound
(2) Construct an opposing argument that proves opposition's conclusion to be false. (3) Try to show the opposition's premises to be very uncertain. |
