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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
the hidden curriculum
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things learnt without being formally taught e.g arriving on time, obedience and conformity
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benefits of education on individuals
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-meritocracy
-learn norms and values -improved life chances -norms and values |
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benefits of education for society
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can select people for jobs and provides next generation of workers which benefits capitalism
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sue sharpe
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feminist
-studied school girls -1970s they were family orientated -1990s more career focused |
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Durkheim and parsons
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functionalists
-schools prepare us for life in wider society |
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parsons
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compares school to a bridge. a link between family and society. bridge of knowledge
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Davis and Moore
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role allocation
-see education as a device for selection and role allocation -acts as a filter -allows people to fulfill roles that suit their ability |
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class subcultures
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groups of students in school form groups that have different norms and values from the rest of the school/class
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cultural deprivation
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middle class:
-more money -private school -move to good catchment areas -language code |
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cultural capital
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knowledge of how the education system works so you can benefit your family
-old boys network -scholarships -role models |
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material deprivation
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-can't afford uni/don't want to
-can't afford tutors -living conditions -miss school -bad role models |
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douglas
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class subcultures
-middle class parents care more about education -keep in touch with progress -working class don't feel at ease in these situations e.g less likely to attend parents evening |
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Paul Willis
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'learning to labour'
-Marxist -people fail because they are labelled and haven't got enough money -took him 6 months before he could carry out study -difficult to access schools -working class got jobs as there were jobs to get, new jobs limited |
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Bernstein
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language codes
-limited code-everyday spoken language, simple sentences used -extended code-greater detail, long complex sentences -both familiar to middle class but working class only use limited code -teachers use extended code so working class have a disadvantage |
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ball
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working class are more likely to be places in lower streams at school
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criticisms of labelling theory
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-ignores important structural factors such as class inequality
-underestimates counter school culture. Willis claims working class boys choose to fail as achievement isn't valued in their culture |
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rosenthal and Jacobson
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self for filling prophecy
-tested teachers label students that which do better -labelled some students as more likely to achieve -often label students by names |
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the education act
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1988
'the baker act' introduced SATS and league tables -the national curriculum -OFSTED |
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LMS
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-gave schools the opportunity to move away from local education
-school more power to manage budget -gave government bodies power to make decisions about school |
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national curriculum
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-for all state schools
-3 core subjects -7 foundation subjects -took away the responsibility from teachers for what they taught and passed to government |
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white underachievement
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-language code
-free school meals children do worse language code -cultural capital |
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what percentage of students failing to get 5 A*-C are white?
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83%
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Lacey
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working class parents find it more difficult to place their children in a good school
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inner city schools
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usually failing schools where the poorer people live. middle class have money to move to better catchment areas
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why are girls now out performing boys?
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-more coursework
-changes in attitude-sue sharpe -changes in school-national curriculum -feminism in education-school doesn't nurture masculine traits(leadership) -celebrate attainment more(female quality) |
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what percentage of male teachers are in primary schools?
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16%
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why are boys underachieving ?
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-female headed families
-anti school subcultures -not as many traditional working men's jobs -hobbies-more sporty rather than educational |
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Laddish subcultures
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-contributed to boys under achievements
-in working class culture being masculine is being tough and doing manual work -non manual work seen as inferior |
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what percentage of 8-11 have no male teachers at all
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39%
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what percentage said they behaved better and worked harder in the presence of a male teacher ?
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42%
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gender attainment
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-until 1980s boys were higher a achievers, concern about girls
-trend reversed in mid 90s |
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why did boys used to be ahead?
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-sue sharpe- girls had less motivation
-boys dominate teacher attention -text books male dominated |
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why are girls now ahead?
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-sharpe 94-looking for careers
-1988 national curriculum |
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Abraham
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male dominated text books
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Jackson 2006
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academic work seen as feminine
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