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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what is chronic gingivitus?
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-inflammation of margin gingival tissues
-epithelial attachment at same level -perio ligament and bone not involved |
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chronic inflammatory perio disease?
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-inflammation of perio tissue
- apical migration of epithelial attachment -perio ligament and bone loss |
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CIPD's are the result of an interplay between?
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-plaque bacteria
-host defence -environmental and behavioural risk factors -genetic risks -other factors |
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what does the plaque biofilm consist of?
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living micro-organisms - multi-species interrelationships
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the structure of plaque biofilm is?
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-protective layering
-nutrient channels -communication between organisms |
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how does plaque biofilm vary?
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-person to person
- between sites in same mouth - with the age of the plaque |
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what are some other constituents included in plaque biofilm?
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- epithelial cells
-WBC - RBC - food particles |
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what are the types of plaque?
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-subgingival- adherent/non adherent
-supra gingival |
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supra-gingival plaque facts=
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-within minutes of tooth cleaning = pellicle
-within 24hrs no cleaning= gram + bacteria -over a few days no cleaning= increased plaque accumulation, increased gram (-) - after 3 weeks no cleaning= increase in motile organisms (spirochaetes) |
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subgingival plaque facts non-adherent
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- over lies adherent plaque
-partially motile - gram - -anaerobes - cocci, spirochaetes and rods -metabolism = protiens |
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adherent plaque facts sub-gingival
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- adheres to tooth
-composition resembles supra-gingival plaque - dense with varying thickness |
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gingivitus vs perio
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gingivitis = non specific
perio = specific |
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what traits favour an organism being pathogenic
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- ability to evade host defences and live in a pocket environment
-ability to trigger inflammation - ability to destroy connective tissue - ability to invade tissues |
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P- Gingivalis
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correlates with= chronic and aggressive perio
-capsule protects against complement and phagocytosis -requires highly specific antibodies -inhibits chemotaxis - toxic to epithelial cells -can invade epithelium -secretes a range of enzymes |
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T. Forsythensis
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correlates with chronic and aggressive perio
-toxic to epithelial cells - can invade epithelium - secrete range of enzymes |
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T. Denticola
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correlates with aggressive and chronic perio and NUG
- can bind to epithelial cells and destroy -metabolites potentially destructive to cells -secrete range of enzymes |
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Aa
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correlates with aggressive, NUG and less chronic perio
- capsule protects against complement and phagocytosis -may invade tissues - secrete range of enzymes -leukotoxins, macrophages, neutraphils - LPS induces bone resorption |
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how can plaque bacteria cause disease/damage tissue?
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-enzymes
-exotoxins -endotoxins -metabolic products |
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example of enzymes=
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collegenase
hyalinuronidase = these enzymes may trigger secretion of MMP's -Excess of MMP's contribute to tissue destruction |
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exotoxin example?
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leukotoxins = damaging to neutrophils
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endotoxin examples?
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LPS- part of the cell wall make-up of gram (-) bacteria
- release of inflammatory cytokines -complement system activation - tissue necrosis |
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metabolic products?
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urea
co2 |
