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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Why is feedback important ? |
1. Highlights weaknesses. 2. Builds confidence. 3. Improves technique. 4. Reinforce effective movement. 5. Help motivate athletes. |
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Why is feedback important overall ? |
Trying to improve performance. |
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What are the 4 types of feedback ? |
Intrinsic Extrinsic Positive Negative |
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What is intrinsic feedback ? |
Self evaluation. Continuous feedback that comes from the proprioreceptors. The collective term for sensory feedback is kinesthesis. |
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What is an example of Intrinsic feedback ? |
A free kick in football the performer can feel whether they have kicked it with enough power. |
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What are positives of intrinsic feedback ? |
¤ Immediate feedback. ¤ Make adjustments quicker. ¤ Can be motivational. ¤ Best for Autonomous learners because of their level of understanding. |
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What are negatives of intrinsic feedback ? |
¤ Cognitive learners may have an inaccurate interpretation. ¤ Not all individuals are "tuned in" to their sensory feedback. |
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What is extrinsic feedback ? |
Feedback that comes from an external source. E.g. coach or teacher. |
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What is an example of extrinsic feedback ? |
A netball coach telling you to bend your knees when shooting. |
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What are positives of extrinsic feedback ? |
¤ Good for Cognitive learners because they can't identify their own errors. ¤ Coaching points may lead to improvement, as long as information is correct (limited points). |
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What are negatives of extrinsic feedback ? |
¤ Unreliable feedback may reduce motivation. ¤ Incorrect feedback can negatively affect performance. |
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What is positive feedback ? |
Often extrinsic and rewards the performer through praise or positive comments. |
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What is an example of positive feedback ? |
A coach or teacher telling a performer well done for scoring three goals in netball. |
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What are positives of positive feedback ? |
¤ Positive reinforcement that helps develop S-R bonds (stored in LTM). ¤ Extremely motivating to Cognitive learners as it can build self esteem and confidence. |
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What are negatives of positive feedback ? |
¤ When praising wrong technique. ¤ If undeserved, inappropriate S-R bonds. ¤ Some performers dont like too much praise and may ignore feedback, can have a detrimental affect on performance (Autonomous learners). |
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What is negative feedback ? |
Information about an unsuccessful outcome, using criticism and concentrates on the poor aspects of a performance. |
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What is an example of negative feedback ? |
g |
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what are positives of negative feedback ? |
¤ Identify clear areas for improvement.
¤ Good for Autonomous learners who need to refine their performance of a skill. |
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What are negatives of negative feedback ? |
¤ Can be demotivating to a performer especially in the cognitive stage of learning. |
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What is knowledge of results ? |
External feedback that can come from the performer seeing the result of their feedback from another person. |
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Why is knowledge of results important ? |
¤ Important for the performer to know the result of their action. ¤ Especially good for the early stages of acquisition. ¤ Very little learning without this type of feedback. |
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What is an example of knowledge of results ? |
seeing the scoreboard or playing stats. |
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Who is knowledge of results best for ? |
Cognitive learners : Motivation |
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What is knowledge of performance ? |
Feedback about the pattern of movement that has taken or is taking place. Associated with external feedback. |
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Why is knowledge of performance external ? |
Can be gained through kinesthetic awareness (especially if they're highly skilled). |
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What is an example of knowledge of performance ? |
seeing a replay of a free kick (see how to improve). |
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What rules need to be followed for effective feedback ? |
¤ A limited amount of information. ¤ Immediancy. ¤ Related to the individual. ¤ Faciliating intrinsic feedback / kinaesthesis. |
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What is a limited amount of information ? |
There is a danger of overloading the performer with information, especially the novice. There should also be a focus on very specific, easily understood points. |
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What is immediacy ? |
Feedback should be given as soon as possible after the performance so that the performer can relate the information to very recent personal experiences that are retained in the memory store. |
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What is related to the individual ? |
The most effective feedback is directed specifically to individuals. They can relate to the feedback more rapidly and are accountable in future actions. |
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What is facilitating intrinsic feedback / kinesthesis ? |
This encourages performers to recognise for themselves the quality of their movements, therefore being able to correct errors almost immediately. |
