✴ Gypsum Materials & Dental Waxes

Front 1

NATURAL WAX:
4 KINDS

Back 1

⋅ MINERAL
⋅ PLANT
⋅ INSECT
⋅ ANIMAL

Front 2

DENTAL WAX:
3 CLASSES

Back 2

⋅ PATTERN
⋅ PROCESSING
⋅ UTILITY

Front 3

[MINERAL] WAXES
derived from
BOILED PETROLEUM

Back 3

PARAFFIN WAXES

Front 4

[MINERAL] WAXES
derived from
HEAVY PETROLEUM

(higher melting ranges
than paraffin waxes)

Back 4

MICROCRYSTALLINE WAXES

Front 5

MELTING RANGE
for
PARAFFIN WAXES

Back 5

40 - 71ºC

Front 6

MELTING RANGE
for
MICROCRYSTALLINE WAXES

Back 6

60 - 91ºC

Front 7

DENTAL WAXES:
6 COMPONENTS

Back 7

⋅ NATURAL & SYNTHETIC WAXES
⋅ FATS
⋅ GUMS
⋅ OILS
⋅ RESINS
⋅ PIGMENTS

Front 8

a MICROCRYSTALLINE [MINERAL] WAX

added to PARAFFIN WAXES
to INCREASE MELTING RANGE
& HARDNESS,
REDUCE FLOW

Back 8

BARNSDAHL

Front 9

an EARTH [MINERAL] WAX

found NEAR PETROLEUM DEPOSITS
(melts @ 65ºC)

Back 9

OZOKERITE

Front 10

very HARD [MINERAL] WAXES
derived from REFINED PETROLEUM,

added to PARAFFIN WAXES
to INCREASE MELTING RANGE

Back 10

CERESIN WAXES

Front 11

HARD, BRITTLE, LUSTROUS [MINERAL] WAXES
extracted from LIGNITES

(properties similar to those of plant waxes)

added to PARAFFIN WAXES
to IMPROVE HARDNESS & MELTING RANGE

Back 11

MONTAN WAXES

Front 12

SETTING EXPANSION RANGE
for
DENTAL STONE

Back 12

0.08 - 0.1%

Front 13

SETTING EXPANSION RANGE
for
IMPROVED STONE

Back 13

0.05 - 0.07%

Front 14

preparing GYPSUM MATERIALS:

INCREASED H₂O (thin mix)
↧
________ EXPANSION,
________ SETTING TIME,
&
________ COMPRESSION STRENGTH

(HIGHER or LOWER?)

Back 14

REDUCED EXPANSION,
INCREASED SETTING TIME,
&
LOWER COMPRESSION STRENGTH

Front 15

preparing GYPSUM MATERIALS:

REDUCED H₂O (thick mix)
↧
________ EXPANSION,
________ SETTING TIME,
&
________ COMPRESSION STRENGTH

(HIGHER or LOWER?)

Back 15

INCREASED EXPANSION,
REDUCED SETTING TIME,
&
HIGHER COMPRESSION STRENGTH

Front 16

preparing GYPSUM MATERIALS:

adding NaCl (=salt )
↧
________ EXPANSION,
________ SETTING TIME

(INCREASED or REDUCED?)

Back 16

INCREASED EXPANSION,
REDUCED SETTING TIME

Front 17

preparing GYPSUM MATERIALS:

INCREASED SPATULATION
(overspatulation)
↧
________ EXPANSION
________ SETTING TIME

(INCREASED or REDUCED?)

Back 17

INCREASED EXPANSION,
REDUCED SETTING TIME

Front 18

preparing GYPSUM MATERIALS:

INCREASED TEMPERATURE
(room or H₂O)
↧
________ SETTING TIME

(INCREASED or REDUCED?)

Back 18

REDUCED SETTING TIME

Front 19

preparing GYPSUM MATERIALS:

HUMIDITY
↧
________ SETTING TIME

(INCREASED or REDUCED?)

Back 19

REDUCED SETTING TIME

Front 20

COMPRESSION STRENGTH
of
SET GYPSUM MATERIALS

Back 20

8000 psi (lbs/in²)
=
55 MPa (MegaPascals)

Front 21

When GYPSUM MATERIALS SET,
all excess H₂O is lost in ________ hrs.

Back 21

24-48 HRS.
(7 days in flask)

Front 22

HARD, BRITTLE [PLANT] WAXES
w/ HIGH MELTING TEMPS
(84 - 91ºC)

obtained from the LEAVES of a PALM

added to PARAFFIN WAXES
to
INCREASE MELTING RANGE
& HARDNESS

Back 22

CARNAUBA WAXES
(& OURICURY WAXES)

Front 23

HARD [PLANT] WAXES
derived from the LEAVES OF A SHRUB

added to PARAFFIN WAXES
to
INCREASE HARDNESS

Back 23

CANDELILLA

Front 24

a TOUGH, MALLEABLE, STICKY [PLANT] FAT
derived from the BERRIES of some SUMACS

added to PARAFFIN WAXES
to
IMPROVE TACKINESS
& EMULSIFYING ABILITY

Back 24

JAPAN WAX

(a byproduct of lacquer manufacturing)

Front 25

a BRITTLE, EMOLLIENT [PLANT] FAT
extracted from COCOA BEANS

used as a MOISTURE BARRIER

(can provide PROTECTION from DEHYDRATION,
TEMPORARY PROTECTION from MOISTURE)

Back 25

COCOA BUTTER

(= theobroma oil)

Front 26

BEESWAX
is the
MAIN COMPONENT
of
________ WAX

Back 26

SITCKY WAX

Front 27

an ANIMAL WAX
obtained from the SPERM WHALE

used to COAT DENTAL FLOSS

Back 27

SPERMACETI

Front 28

a NATURAL RESIN
w/ THERMALLY INSULATING PROPERTIES

used by dentists as a
LINER for PREPARED CAVITIES

Back 28

COPAL

Front 29

a PATTERN WAX (ADA SPEC. #4)
composed of

60% PARAFFIN
+
25% CARNAUBA
+
10% CERASIN
+
5% BEESWAX

Back 29

INLAY WAX

Front 30

a slightly TACKY PATTERN WAX
of unknown composition

used for
DENTURE FRAMEWORK PATTERNS,
CHECKING BITES,
& ARTICULATION

available in
28- & 30-GAUGE SHEETS,
READY-MADE SHAPES

Back 30

CASTING WAX

Front 31

typical COMPOSITION
of
BASEPLATE WAX

Back 31

70-80% PARAFFIN
+
10% CERASIN
+
5% BEESWAX

Front 32

BASEPLATE WAX:
# of TYPES

Back 32

3

Front 33

TYPE I BASEPLATE WAX:
firmness

Back 33

SOFT

Front 34

TYPE II BASEPLATE WAX:
firmness

Back 34

MEDIUM or HARD

Front 35

TYPE III BASEPLATE WAX:
firmness

Back 35

HARD or EXTRA-HARD

Front 36

TYPE I BASEPLATE WAX:
use

Back 36

BUILDING CONTOURS & VENEERS

Front 37

TYPE II BASEPLATE WAX:
use

Back 37

IN-MOUTH PATTERNS
(TEMPERATE WEATHER)

Front 38

TYPE III BASEPLATE WAX:
use

Back 38

IN-MOUTH PATTERNS
(HOT WEATHER)

Front 39

7 REQUIREMENTS
of
BASEPLATE WAX

Back 39

⋅ MUST COHERE READILY
⋅ MUST NOT IRRITATE ORAL TISSUE
⋅ MUST TRIM EASILY
⋅ MUST LEAVE NO RESIDUE
⋅ MUST HAVE A SMOOTH, GLOSSY SURFACE
⋅ ITS COLOR MUST NOT SEPARATE
⋅ MUST NOT STICK DURING STORAGE

Front 40

DIMENSIONS
of
BOXING WAX (CARDING WAX)

Back 40

1½" x 12"

Front 41

a SOFT, PLIABLE, ADHESIVE,
DARK RED PROCESSING WAX
composed of
BEESWAX, PETROLATUM,
& other SOFT WAXES

used for
BEADING MODELS
& BUILDING UP LOW AREAS

Back 41

UTILITY WAX
(BEADING WAX)

Front 42

an AMBER PROCESSING WAX
composed of BEESWAX & RESINS

HARD & BRITTLE @ ROOM TEMP
but very STICKY WHEN MELTED

used to ASSEMBLE MODELS
for ARTICULATION
& for SOLDERING CROWNS

Back 42

STICKY WAX

Front 43

an IMPRESSION WAX

used to REGISTER TISSUE DETAIL
in a NORMAL (FUNCTIONAL) STATE

Back 43

CORRECTIVE WAX

Front 44

an IMPRESSION WAX

used to REGISTER OCCLUSION

Back 44

BITE WAX

Front 45

a PROCESSING WAX
w/ LOW MELTING POINT

SOFT & TACKY WHEN HOT

used to BLOCK OUT UNDERCUTS
on MODELS & DIES

Back 45

BLOCK-OUT WAX
(UNDERCUT WAX)