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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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In what ways does culture influence beliefs about sexuality? |
- pleasure vs procreation - acceptable sexual behaviors vary with time and culture |
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When it comes to gender and sexuality what are some things that men do more of? |
- think more about sex and want more sex - masturbate more - want more and have more partners * have more sexual dysfunction as they age |
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When it comes to gender and sexuality what are some things that women want more? |
- desire for sex more often linked to relationship status and social norms *tend to be more ashamed of appearance flaws
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At all ages, women more likely than men to report sexual dysfunction. |
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what are the four phases of the sexual response cycle? |
1. Desire phase 2. Excitement phase 3. Orgasm phase 4. Resolution phase |
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What are the three categories of sexual dysfunction in dsm-5? |
1. Sexual desire, arousal, and interest disorder 2.Orgasmic disorders 3. Sexual pain disorders
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What are sexual interest / arousal disorders in women? |
persistent deficits and sexual interest (fantasies or urges), biological arousal, are subjective arousal |
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What happens when there is a hypoactive sexual desire disorder in men? |
Deficient are absent sexual fantasies urges |
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What is male erectile disorder? |
Failure to attain or maintain an erection of penis. |
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What is the DSM-5 criteria for sexual interest / arousal disorder in women? |
Diminished, or reduce frequency of at least three of the following for 8 months or more: 1) Interest in sexual activity 2) Sexual/ erotic thoughts or fantasies 3) Initiation of sexual activity and responsiveness and partner attempts to initiate 4) Sexual excitement / pleasure doing 75% of sexual encounters 5) Sexual interest / arousal elicited by any internal or external erotic cues 6) Genital online genital sensation during 75% sexual encounters |
1) Causes marked the distress or interpersonal problems 2) Not due to a medical illness, another psychological disorder (except another sexual dysfunction), or the effect of a drug. |
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What is the DSM-5 criteria for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in men: |
1) Persistently deficient are absent sexual fantasies and desires, as judged by the clinician 2) causes marked distress or interpersonal problems 3) not due to a medical illness, another psychological disorder (except another sexual dysfunction), or the effects of drugs |
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What is the DSM-5 criteria for male erectile disorder? |
1) Persistent inability to attain or maintain an erection adequate for completion of sexual activity 2) Marked decrease in erectile rigidity interferes with penetration or pleasure 3) Causes marked distress or interpersonal problems 4) Symptoms have been present on most occasions for at least 6 months 5) Not due to medical illness, another psychological disorder (except another sexual dysfunction), or the effects of drugs |
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What is female orgasmic disorder? |
1) Absence of orgasm after sexual excitement 1a) Many women achieve arousal but not orgasm |
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What is early ejaculation disorder? |
Ejaculation that occurs too quickly |
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What is delayed ejaculation disorder? |
Persistent difficulty ejaculating |
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What are the three orgasmic disorders? |
1) female orgasmic disorder 2) early ejaculation disorder 3) delayed ejaculation disorder |
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What is the dsm-5 criteria for female orgasmic disorder? |
On most occasions of sexual activity for at least 6 months: 1) Marked delay, and frequency, or absence of orgasm
2) Markedly reduced intensity of orgasmic sensation
3) Causes this mark the stress or inter personal problems
4) Not due to a medical illness, another psychological disorder (except another sexual dysfunction), or the effects of drugs |
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What is the DSM-5 criteria for delayed ejaculation? |
1) Marked delay, and frequency, or absence of orgasms on most occasions of sexual activity for at least 6 months
2) Causes marked distress or interpersonal problems
3) Not due to a medical illness, another psychological disorder (except another sexual dysfunction), or the effects of a drug |
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What is the DSM-5 for criteria for early ejaculation? |
1) Tendency to ejaculate during partnered sexual activity within one minute of sexual activity
2) Causes clinically significant distress or interpersonal problems
3) Not due to the fact of a drug, another psychological disorder, or medical condition |
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How does DSM-5 define genitopelvic pain/penetration disorder? |
Persistent or Recurrent pain during intercourse. 1) Diagnosable in both men and women. 1a) Rare in men lubrication, or menopausal problems. 2) R/O medical cause (e.g., infection) lack of vaginal lubrication, or menopausal problems. 3) Most women experience sexual arousal and orgasms from manual or oral stimulation that does not involve penetration. 4) 10- 30% prevalence rates DSM-IV-TR: Vaginitis and Dyspareunia
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What is the DSM-5 criteria for genitopelvic pain/ penetration disorder? |
Persistent or Recurrent difficulties for at least 6 months with at least one of the following: 1) Instability to have vaginal intercourse/penetration 2) Marked vulvovaginal or pelvic pain during vaginal penetration or intercourse attempts 3) Marked fear anxiety about pain or penetration 4) Marked teasing of the pelvic floor muscles during attempted vaginal penetration 5) Causes clinically significant distress or interpersonal problems 6) Not due to another psychological disorder, medical condition, or the effects of a drug. |
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What is the Masters & Johnson (1970) two-tier model? |
1) Immediate causes 1a) Performance fears 1b) Adoption of spectator role 1bb) Observer vs. Participant 2) Distal (historical) causes 2a) Sociocultural 2b) Biological causes 2c) Sexual traumas 2d) Homosexual inclinations |
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What is the etiology of sexual dysfunction in regards to biological factors? |
1) Diseases of the vascular system 2) Diseases do the nervous system 3) Low levels of testosterone or estrogen 4) Heavy alcohol consumption before sex 5) History of chronic alcholism 6) Heavy cigarette smoking 7) Medications 7a) Antihypertensive 7b) SSRIs |
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What is the etiology of sexual dysfunction in regards to psychosocial factors? |
1) Rape 2) early childhood sexual abuse 3)relationship problems 3a) anger, hostility, poor communication 3b) underlying anxiety about relationship security 4) psychological disorders 4a) major depression, anxiety, or panic disorder 5) low psychological arousal 6) stress and exhaustion 7) negative cognitions |
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What are treatments of sexual dysfunction? |
1) Anxiety reduction 2) Directed masturbation 3) Procedures to change thoughts and attitudes 3a) Sensory awareness procedures 3b) Rational-emotive therapy 4) Sexual skills and communication training 5) Couples therapy 6) Medications and physical treatments 6a) squeeze technique for early ejaculation 6b) PDE - 5 inhibitors for erectile dysfunction 6bb) Phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors: side nail (Viagra), ta daily (cialis) and vardenafil (Levitra) |
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What are Paraphilic disorders? |
1) Recurrent sexual attraction to unusual object or sexual activity for at least 6 months. 1a) Deviation (para) in what the person is attracted to (philia) 1b) Should only be diagnosed when they cause marked distress or done with consenting persons 1bb) Transvestic behaviors ( cross dresses for sexual gratification) rarely marked buy distressed are involves non-consenting person 2) Divided categories based on source of arousal: 2a) Sexual attraction is based on inanimate objects 2b) Sexual attractions based on children |
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What is Fetishist ice disorder? |
1) Reliance on it an atom it object or on sexual part of body for sexual arousal. 1a) E.g., shoes, stockings, underwear, rubber garments, hair, feet, etc. 1b) Occurs most often in men 1c) Object often necessary for sexual arousal 2) Attraction to object irresistible and involuntary 3) Fetishes often co-occur with paraphilias |
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What is Pedohebephilic disorder and incest? |
1) Pedohebephilic Disorder 1a)Pedos="child', hebe= pubescence", philia="attraction" 1b) Sexually arousing urges, fantasies or behaviors involving sexual contact with a prepubertal or pubescent child 1bb) Offender at least 18 years old and 5 years older than victim 1bbb) Child pornography is widely used 2) Victims are usually known to pedophile 2a) Neighbors, family members, friends, clergy 2b) Most pedophilia does not involve violence other than the sexual activity |
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What is incest? |
1) Subtype of Pedohebephilic disorder 2) Most common amongst brother and sister 3) Less common but more pathological 3a) Father and daughter 4) incest taboo almost culturally universal 4a) Genetically adaptive 4aa) Offspring of father-daughter our brother-sister have a greater likelihood of inheriting pairs of recessive genes with possible negative biological effects. |
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What is Voyeuristic disorder? |
1) Sexually arousing fantasies, urges, or behaviors while observing others who are unclothed or engaging in sexual activity 1a) Almost always men 1b) Excitement comes from knowing the victim is unaware of the voyeur: element of risk important 1c) Seldom results in physical contact 1cc) Orgasm achieved by masturbation 1d) Victims unaware that they are being watched |
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What is Exhibitionistic Disorder? |
1) Intense desire to obtain sexual gratification by exposing one's genitals to unwilling strangers. 1a) Victims can be children 1b) Seldom results in physical contact 1c) Usually involve desire to shock our alarm victim 2) Often comorbid with voyeuristic and frotteuristic disorders |
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What is Frotteuristic Disorder? |
1) Sexually oriented touching of a non consenting person. 1a) The individual rubs his genitals against the womans body off on those her breasts are genitals 1b) Often occurs in crowded subway or other public places |
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What is Sexual Sadism and Sexual Masochism? |
1) Sexual Sadism Disorder 1a) Intense and recurrent desire to obtain or increase sexual gratification by inflicting pain or psychological suffering on another person 2) Sexual Masochism Disorder 2a) intense and recurrent desire to obtain or increase sexual gratification the receiving pain or humiliation. 2b) Asphyxiophilia 2bb) sexual arousal by oxygen deprivation 2bbb) can result in death or serious brain damage Debate over inclusion in dsm-5 |
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What is the etiology of the paraphilias? |
1) Neurobiological factors 1a) Male hormones or androgens 1aa) Almost all individuals with paraphilias are men 1b) Do not have unusual levels of testosterone 2) Classical conditioning 2a) Research has not supported orgasm conditioning 3) Operant conditioning 3a) Poor social skills or reinforcement of unconventionality 4) History of childhood physical and sexual abuse 5) Alcohol and negative effect are common triggers 6) Cognitive distortions 6a) "Because the child doesn't run away, she must want me to fondle her." |
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What are treatments for paraphilia? |
1) Incarceration in court-ordered treatment are common.
2) Often difficult to interpret I'll come from treatment studies 2a) Studies vary greatly 2b) Many lack control groups 2c) Dropout rates high
3) Enhance motivation 3a) Denial and minimization of problem often present 3b) Some blame the victim 3c) Drop out of treatment
4) Cognitive behavioral treatment 4a) Aversion therapy 4b) Covert sensitization 4c) Often combined with social skills and empathy training
5) Biological treatments 5a) Castration used in past 5c) Medications 5cc) Aormonal agents to reduce androgens (Depo-Provera) 5ccc) SSRIs
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