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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are anticonvulsants used to treat
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Epilepsy and neuralgias
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What may dentists prescribe anticonvulsants to treat
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Trigeminal neuralgia
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Name some examples of anticonsulsvant drugs
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Phenytoin
BZDS Sodium valproate Carbamazepine Ethosuximide Gabapentin and pregabalin Barbiturates |
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What is the normal admin route for prophylaxis
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Oral
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Which anticonvulsant drugs work by reducing ion channel activity (sodium or calcium)
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Phenytoin
Sodium valproate Carbamazepine Ethosuximide |
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What are the 3 mechanisms of action of anticonvulsants?
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Reduce membrane excitability of calcium or sodium channels
Increase activity of inhibitory neurotransmitter (gaba) Decrease activity of excitatory neautotrasmitter (glutamate) |
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What are the unwanted effects of the anticonvulsant phenytoin
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Root shortening
Root respiration Hypercementosis Salivary gland hyper trophy Cleft lip and palate Cervical lymphadenopathy Gingival overgrowth |
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side effects of carbamazepine (anticonvulsant)
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Xerostomia
Glossitis Oral ulcers Cervical lymphadenopathy Cleft lip and palate |
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Where are regular blood counts required for carbamazepine
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Produces ham otological effects such as
Anaemia Thrombocytopenia Agranulocytosis |
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What would indicate a change in therapy for anticonvulsants
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Drop in wcc <3000
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What drugs increase the effect of carbamazepine
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Alcohol
Omeprazole Allopurinol |
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What drugs reduce the effect of carbamazepine
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Cisplatin
Fluoxetine |
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What is the interaction between phentyoin/carbamazepine and warfarin
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Decrease the anticoagulant effect
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What are the two groups of antiparkinsons drugs
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Dopaminergic
Antimuscarinic |
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Name some examples of dopaminergic drugs
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Levodopa
Bromcriptine Cabergoline Lisuride |
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What do dopaminergic drugs all achieve
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Increase in effective dopamine levels
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What are unwanted effects of antiparkinson drugs
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Dopaminergic - dry mouth, taste disturbance, ulcers, headache
Antimuscarinic - dry mouth |
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What drug antagonies levodopa (dopaminergic)?
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BZDs
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