10. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
10.1. Conclusions
Upper Awash basin is located in central Ethiopia, most part is the western margin of the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) adjacent to Blue Nile River basin to the north. It is confined within the limits 8° 23' 25" to 9° 18' 42" N latitude and 37° 59' 9” to 39° 04' 12" E longitude. The main objective of the research is to evaluate the water supply systems for Addis Ababa city, which is situated at the right northern end of the basin that occupies around 550 km2.
The challenge of providing enough water for the overwhelming majority of the population of the city of Addis Ababa puts major pressure on the supply of water satisfying the ever increasing demand. Skewed supply side measures and poor …show more content…
The groundwater model simulation provided valuable information on the groundwater balance, groundwater–surface water interactions and flow patterns. The model simulated groundwater head distribution reasonably agrees with the regional groundwater contour map constructed from field measurements. Having all the uncertainties in the estimation of model input parameters, the overall water balance can be used for the groundwater system analysis of the area.
Robust, dynamically linked surface water and groundwater supply sources model have been established. In order to evaluate the likely future Addis Ababa city water demand-supply situations and possible implications on surface water reservoirs and groundwater supply sources, various scenario projections were tested on the dynamically linked surface water and groundwater model. From the scenarios, the following generalizations can be made.
Two demand side scenarios were evaluated on the integrated model. 1. To evaluate implication of continuously growing Addis Ababa city population on surface and groundwater supply sources. 2. To project the likely future consequences if agriculture starts to compete with Addis Ababa city water …show more content…
The planned water supply schemes will dramatically increase Addis Ababa city water demand coverage to just more than 91% in most of the months of the projection years from 2020-2025. The groundwater expansions, however, will likely impact the groundwater resource by increasing the drawdown to more than 10 meter, compared to the current maximum drawdown, 6 meter. When there will be no physical limitation of the treatment plants and if unlimited amount of water is abstracted from the groundwater supply sources to reach to 100% Addis Ababa city water demand coverage, with the existing and planned surface water supply reservoirs also operating, the groundwater level decline possibly reaches to more than 40 meter in wells and near well fields, if population trajectory takes HPGR. This indicates that the emerging and planned groundwater supply well fields will be stressed
10.1. Conclusions
Upper Awash basin is located in central Ethiopia, most part is the western margin of the Main Ethiopian Rift (MER) adjacent to Blue Nile River basin to the north. It is confined within the limits 8° 23' 25" to 9° 18' 42" N latitude and 37° 59' 9” to 39° 04' 12" E longitude. The main objective of the research is to evaluate the water supply systems for Addis Ababa city, which is situated at the right northern end of the basin that occupies around 550 km2.
The challenge of providing enough water for the overwhelming majority of the population of the city of Addis Ababa puts major pressure on the supply of water satisfying the ever increasing demand. Skewed supply side measures and poor …show more content…
The groundwater model simulation provided valuable information on the groundwater balance, groundwater–surface water interactions and flow patterns. The model simulated groundwater head distribution reasonably agrees with the regional groundwater contour map constructed from field measurements. Having all the uncertainties in the estimation of model input parameters, the overall water balance can be used for the groundwater system analysis of the area.
Robust, dynamically linked surface water and groundwater supply sources model have been established. In order to evaluate the likely future Addis Ababa city water demand-supply situations and possible implications on surface water reservoirs and groundwater supply sources, various scenario projections were tested on the dynamically linked surface water and groundwater model. From the scenarios, the following generalizations can be made.
Two demand side scenarios were evaluated on the integrated model. 1. To evaluate implication of continuously growing Addis Ababa city population on surface and groundwater supply sources. 2. To project the likely future consequences if agriculture starts to compete with Addis Ababa city water …show more content…
The planned water supply schemes will dramatically increase Addis Ababa city water demand coverage to just more than 91% in most of the months of the projection years from 2020-2025. The groundwater expansions, however, will likely impact the groundwater resource by increasing the drawdown to more than 10 meter, compared to the current maximum drawdown, 6 meter. When there will be no physical limitation of the treatment plants and if unlimited amount of water is abstracted from the groundwater supply sources to reach to 100% Addis Ababa city water demand coverage, with the existing and planned surface water supply reservoirs also operating, the groundwater level decline possibly reaches to more than 40 meter in wells and near well fields, if population trajectory takes HPGR. This indicates that the emerging and planned groundwater supply well fields will be stressed