Introduction
The literature review was conducted using major perspectives of personality. The major perspectives are Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Traits, Learning/Social, and Humanistic. Within each theory, the major theoretical approaches, research methods, and assessment instruments will be included to give a better understand of the personality aspect within each theory.
Personality is the foundation of psychology. Personality is defined as our enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in different situation as one live everyday life in society. Personality theories generally provide ways to describe personal characteristics and behavior, establish a framework for organizing a great amount of information, and addressing issues as individual differences; personality development from birth through adulthood, and the causes, behaviors, and treatment …show more content…
Traits are broad dispositions that lead to characteristic responses. Three trait theories discussed in the chapter are Allport's, Eysenck's and the so-called "big five." Allport grouped traits into cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits depending upon how influential they were on the individual. Eysenck proposed three dimensions to explain personality: introversion-extraversion, stable-unstable, and psychoticism. Recent analysis has revealed the existence of the big five factors of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (acronym: OCEAN). These big five factors may be able to predict physical and mental health. The trait perspective argues that personality is consistent across situations and time. However, according to situationalism, personality often varies considerably from one context to another. A view of personality called interactionism suggests that both person and situation variables are necessary to understand
The literature review was conducted using major perspectives of personality. The major perspectives are Psychodynamic, Behavioral, Traits, Learning/Social, and Humanistic. Within each theory, the major theoretical approaches, research methods, and assessment instruments will be included to give a better understand of the personality aspect within each theory.
Personality is the foundation of psychology. Personality is defined as our enduring, distinctive thoughts, emotions, and behaviors in different situation as one live everyday life in society. Personality theories generally provide ways to describe personal characteristics and behavior, establish a framework for organizing a great amount of information, and addressing issues as individual differences; personality development from birth through adulthood, and the causes, behaviors, and treatment …show more content…
Traits are broad dispositions that lead to characteristic responses. Three trait theories discussed in the chapter are Allport's, Eysenck's and the so-called "big five." Allport grouped traits into cardinal traits, central traits, and secondary traits depending upon how influential they were on the individual. Eysenck proposed three dimensions to explain personality: introversion-extraversion, stable-unstable, and psychoticism. Recent analysis has revealed the existence of the big five factors of personality: openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism (acronym: OCEAN). These big five factors may be able to predict physical and mental health. The trait perspective argues that personality is consistent across situations and time. However, according to situationalism, personality often varies considerably from one context to another. A view of personality called interactionism suggests that both person and situation variables are necessary to understand