Paper Chromatography Lab Report

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Chromatography is a method of separation in which the components of a substance are separated and distributed between two phases, which are the mobile phases and stationary phase (1). There are multiple types of chromatograph, which includes paper chromatography, column chromatograph, retention chromatography, gas chromatography, liquid chromatography etc. Each technique has its own strengths and weaknesses, but all are useful in getting separations of different components (8). Since many colorful compounds today are not one color, but a composition of different colors, it is hard to tell what they are comprised of. In order to figure out the composition of a color there must be a way to separate mixtures. The technique of Chromatography can …show more content…
The mobile phase is the phase that moves, and the stationary phase is the phase that doesn't move. The mobile phase moves through the stationary phase collecting the compounds to be tested. As the mobile phase continues to travel through the stationary phase, it takes the compounds with it. At different points in the stationary phase, different components of the compound are going to be absorbed they will stop moving with the mobile phase depending on what kind of components are mixed. This is how the results of many chromatographies are developed from the point at which the different components of the compound stop moving and separate from the other components, which is the main goal for chromatography …show more content…
Polarity is caused by unbalanced charges in a molecule; For example, water is an exceedingly polar molecule. If the solvent is very high in polarity, it is expected that the component dyes will not travel very far because they are not that attracted to it. If the solvent is not very polar, then the component dyes will travel to the top of the paper (6). The upper limit of where the mobile phase solvent travels is called the solvent line. Because of the relationship between components and the mobile phase solvent, it is important to find the right solvent for a group of samples. Some solvents will render useless information, while a more polar solvent might leave a chromatogram that can help identify each component for every sample (10). Some of the more important pieces of information that can be taken from a chromatogram are retention factor (Rf) values. These values can be calculated by measuring the distance the component has traveled divided by the distance the solvent

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