1) What is the most accurate description of the relative importance of hunting versus gathering in foraging societies in terms of nutrition? In terms of place in society? One of the most ancient forms of human subsistence patterns, is survival by means of hunting wild game and foraging for wild edibles. This subsistence pattern was used by even the earliest of humans up until the domestication of plants and animal, and the development of agriculture with the ability to maintain a surplus of crops. The environment in which humans reside plays a major role in the foods available, as well as, their sources of water. The amount of obtainable food and water determines not only the overall health of the society, but determines the need to
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The vocal apparatus is located near the base of the skull and is made up of soft tissue which is connected to bones. The shape of those bones and their position in the throat determine the sounds which are able to be produced. (Park, 2011) Even the earliest humans were able to make sounds, but was positioned in a way that would resemble that of chimpanzees, however around the time of Homo erectus, the vocal apparatus would be positioned lower in the throat comparable to modern humans, and would allow for similar vocal communication. (Park, 2011) Nevertheless, the ability was there, but knowing if language was used, is still a …show more content…
5th Edition McGraw-Hill/Irwin 5) What is the general focus of sociobiology (also known as evolutionary psychology and behavioral ecology)? How is this applied to human behaviors? Sociobiology is, defined by Park as, the scientific study that examines evolutionary explanations for social behaviors within species. (Park, 2011) This would suggest that behaviors are inherrited or genetically determined and directed towards maintaining reproductive success in most cases. Park goes on to describe a scenario using sociobiology to try to explain why people would kill their offspring. The behavior can be seen in other animals, as well. Male lions kill the offspring of other males to guarantee genetic success within the pride. In some cultures, people have been known to kill their female infants, due to the need of male warriors. (Park, 2011) Another example would be in the reasons why there is attractions between the opposite sex yet inbreeding is often avoided and considered taboo. Through these examples, culture and biology are entwined.
Resources
Park, Michael Allen (2011) Introducing Anthropology: An Integrated Approach. 5th Edition
The vocal apparatus is located near the base of the skull and is made up of soft tissue which is connected to bones. The shape of those bones and their position in the throat determine the sounds which are able to be produced. (Park, 2011) Even the earliest humans were able to make sounds, but was positioned in a way that would resemble that of chimpanzees, however around the time of Homo erectus, the vocal apparatus would be positioned lower in the throat comparable to modern humans, and would allow for similar vocal communication. (Park, 2011) Nevertheless, the ability was there, but knowing if language was used, is still a …show more content…
5th Edition McGraw-Hill/Irwin 5) What is the general focus of sociobiology (also known as evolutionary psychology and behavioral ecology)? How is this applied to human behaviors? Sociobiology is, defined by Park as, the scientific study that examines evolutionary explanations for social behaviors within species. (Park, 2011) This would suggest that behaviors are inherrited or genetically determined and directed towards maintaining reproductive success in most cases. Park goes on to describe a scenario using sociobiology to try to explain why people would kill their offspring. The behavior can be seen in other animals, as well. Male lions kill the offspring of other males to guarantee genetic success within the pride. In some cultures, people have been known to kill their female infants, due to the need of male warriors. (Park, 2011) Another example would be in the reasons why there is attractions between the opposite sex yet inbreeding is often avoided and considered taboo. Through these examples, culture and biology are entwined.
Resources
Park, Michael Allen (2011) Introducing Anthropology: An Integrated Approach. 5th Edition