Preventable adverse drug reactions are a significant burden to healthcare. Despite the overall reporting of ADRs globally, it is still considered an epidemic with a huge burden on the cost of to entire healthcare system. Studies conducted worldwide paint a gloomy picture as being the causes of hospital admissions, prolonged hospital stay and associated morbidity and mortality.(15,46) Data on the burden of ADRs in resource-limited settings is not readily available. (24)
5.1% of hospital admissions in the USA are due to ADRs and are listed as one of the top 10 causes of death with over 100, 000 cases associated with ADRs per annum. In the UK, the estimate is slightly higher at 6.5% with a mortality rate of the 2% and a projected cost of £466 …show more content…
The burden in low and middle-income countries is largely unknown. However, studies suggest that as many as 6.3% of hospital admissions in SSA are as a direct consequence of ADR with 6.3%- 49.5% of hospitalised patients developing ADRs. (71) The burden is probably worse because of the poor health systems infrastructure, poor quality supply chain, lack of in-country expertise and poor or non-existent reporting systems. Most countries have recognized the need for integral PV systems especially in mass treatment schemes such as with malaria and HIV treatments. …show more content…
(15) Most studies have shown that there is huge underreporting therefore estimating the actual scale of the burden is impossible. Other factors such as medication errors and poor product quality namely counterfeits also contribute to failure of treatment and adverse drug reactions hence the need for PV programmes to monitor events that are related to them. (2)
Situation analysis of Pharmacovigilance and challenges in West Africa
We have seen (in chapter 3), the leading causes of mortality in the West African region. To that effect, global response in the form of public health programmes and initiatives have increased access to medicines to fight and eliminate these diseases. (4)
According to the indicator based Pharmacovigilance assessment tool (IPAT) used to monitor pharmacovigilance and medicines safety in a PV system, a functional PV system must fulfil criteria under 5 key components. The IPAT tool can be used to guide recommendations and interventions to improve medicine safety. (72) The situation of PV systems in West Africa will be reviewed under the aforementioned components
5.1% of hospital admissions in the USA are due to ADRs and are listed as one of the top 10 causes of death with over 100, 000 cases associated with ADRs per annum. In the UK, the estimate is slightly higher at 6.5% with a mortality rate of the 2% and a projected cost of £466 …show more content…
The burden in low and middle-income countries is largely unknown. However, studies suggest that as many as 6.3% of hospital admissions in SSA are as a direct consequence of ADR with 6.3%- 49.5% of hospitalised patients developing ADRs. (71) The burden is probably worse because of the poor health systems infrastructure, poor quality supply chain, lack of in-country expertise and poor or non-existent reporting systems. Most countries have recognized the need for integral PV systems especially in mass treatment schemes such as with malaria and HIV treatments. …show more content…
(15) Most studies have shown that there is huge underreporting therefore estimating the actual scale of the burden is impossible. Other factors such as medication errors and poor product quality namely counterfeits also contribute to failure of treatment and adverse drug reactions hence the need for PV programmes to monitor events that are related to them. (2)
Situation analysis of Pharmacovigilance and challenges in West Africa
We have seen (in chapter 3), the leading causes of mortality in the West African region. To that effect, global response in the form of public health programmes and initiatives have increased access to medicines to fight and eliminate these diseases. (4)
According to the indicator based Pharmacovigilance assessment tool (IPAT) used to monitor pharmacovigilance and medicines safety in a PV system, a functional PV system must fulfil criteria under 5 key components. The IPAT tool can be used to guide recommendations and interventions to improve medicine safety. (72) The situation of PV systems in West Africa will be reviewed under the aforementioned components