Fractional Distillation: Lab Report
Mixtures can be seen just about anywhere. Mixtures are a substance made of two or more substances. A substance is a particular kind of matter that is uniform throughout. When these substances are mixed together and only mix physically and not chemically, like in a reaction, they are mixtures. Due to these properties, the substances within the mixture can be separated again. Mixtures are separated by one of many separation techniques. Take filtration of tap water for example. Tap water comes from the treatment of sewage waste in which the treatment applied, filtration, is a separation technique. The sewage waste may go through a biological film that will break down the waste or it can go through slow sand …show more content…
The reason for this is because ethanol has a lower boiling point than water. The density of the fractions increased as the experiment progressed because more water was contained in the distillate of which water is heavier than ethanol. The percent of ethanol decreased as the experiment progressed while the water percentage increased. To increase the purity of the ethanol in the first fraction the temperature should be kept at a constant temperature that boils the ethanol yet does not boil the water. The Temperature at which the mixture began to boil was at 79 oC. This experiment shows how theoretically fractional distillation could work in an industrial setting. The fractions found in this experiment compared to industrial results in terms of percents since in the fuel industry some grades of ethanol are made of more water. Of which the ones with more water in terms of percent came from a later fraction. In an industrial setting, like a petroleum refinery, the same method of distillation is used on a larger scale in distillation columns. These columns are always at work with products being removed and added. They are kept at a constant temperature to evaporate the lighter products (Lowest Boiling Point) which will rise and be condensed while heavier products (Highest Boiling Point) sink to the bottom. This same process happens in natural gas processing, chemical plants, and in the refinement of crude oil in oil
Mixtures can be seen just about anywhere. Mixtures are a substance made of two or more substances. A substance is a particular kind of matter that is uniform throughout. When these substances are mixed together and only mix physically and not chemically, like in a reaction, they are mixtures. Due to these properties, the substances within the mixture can be separated again. Mixtures are separated by one of many separation techniques. Take filtration of tap water for example. Tap water comes from the treatment of sewage waste in which the treatment applied, filtration, is a separation technique. The sewage waste may go through a biological film that will break down the waste or it can go through slow sand …show more content…
The reason for this is because ethanol has a lower boiling point than water. The density of the fractions increased as the experiment progressed because more water was contained in the distillate of which water is heavier than ethanol. The percent of ethanol decreased as the experiment progressed while the water percentage increased. To increase the purity of the ethanol in the first fraction the temperature should be kept at a constant temperature that boils the ethanol yet does not boil the water. The Temperature at which the mixture began to boil was at 79 oC. This experiment shows how theoretically fractional distillation could work in an industrial setting. The fractions found in this experiment compared to industrial results in terms of percents since in the fuel industry some grades of ethanol are made of more water. Of which the ones with more water in terms of percent came from a later fraction. In an industrial setting, like a petroleum refinery, the same method of distillation is used on a larger scale in distillation columns. These columns are always at work with products being removed and added. They are kept at a constant temperature to evaporate the lighter products (Lowest Boiling Point) which will rise and be condensed while heavier products (Highest Boiling Point) sink to the bottom. This same process happens in natural gas processing, chemical plants, and in the refinement of crude oil in oil