Animal Behavior Objectives
Define fixed action patterns and give an example.
Fixed action patterns (FAP) are innate behavioral sequences of an individual within a species that consistently displays these sequences with a regular pattern of behaviors carried out to completion. These behaviors are prompted by a “releaser,” which is a specific sign stimulus. This prevents energy waste within the individual, and hence the species. An example of a fixed action behavior is a female turkey’s mothering behavior, which is triggered by the sound of her chicks chirping (releaser). If the female is deaf, she will actually kick/injure the chicks from the lack of stimuli.
Define imprinting and explain the importance of the sensitive period. Illustrate these …show more content…
These atoms are bonded by covalent bonding. The geometry of water is a bent shape which accounts for many of its properties. The water molecule is polar, but the molecule itself is electrically neutral. One property of water is that its solid form is less dense than its liquid form, which is a very rare quality. Due to the polarity of water, water can dissolve like (polar) substances. Also due to its high polarity, water molecules are highly attracted to each other which is why they have high surface tension.
List four characteristics of water that are emergent properties resulting from hydrogen bonding.
Due to hydrogen bonding, water has moderate temperatures, it’s solid form is less dense than it’s liquid, it has adhesion, cohesion, and a high surface tension. The surface tensions of water are due to the polarity of hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom. This allows the water molecule to be highly attracted to itself. Cohesion is the bonding of water molecules to another, but adhesion is the bonding of water molecules to other surfaces (also due to the hydrogen bonding of this molecule). Also, the hydrogen bonding of water molecules allows the solid state of form to be less dense than the liquid state. This occurs because the space between the molecules increases when water crystallizes to become its solid …show more content…
Essentially, it measures the acidity or baseness of a substance. It ranges from a scale of 1 to 14, 17 being acidic, 7 being neutral, and 714 being a base.
Using the bicarbonate buffer system as an example, explain how buffers work.
A buffer can resist differing pH changes in either acidity or baseness within a solution. This allows the pH of a solution to remain stable or unchanged. A buffer must contain a weak conjugate acid-base pair within it to retain its functionality. Buffers work because they are able to neutralize minimal amounts of acids and bases. The bicarbonate buffer system is used to maintain pH levels within the blood. This helps to neutralize hydroxide ions in the blood, like any other buffer mechanism.
Explain how water’s high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and expansion upon freezing affect aquatic and terrestrial
Define fixed action patterns and give an example.
Fixed action patterns (FAP) are innate behavioral sequences of an individual within a species that consistently displays these sequences with a regular pattern of behaviors carried out to completion. These behaviors are prompted by a “releaser,” which is a specific sign stimulus. This prevents energy waste within the individual, and hence the species. An example of a fixed action behavior is a female turkey’s mothering behavior, which is triggered by the sound of her chicks chirping (releaser). If the female is deaf, she will actually kick/injure the chicks from the lack of stimuli.
Define imprinting and explain the importance of the sensitive period. Illustrate these …show more content…
These atoms are bonded by covalent bonding. The geometry of water is a bent shape which accounts for many of its properties. The water molecule is polar, but the molecule itself is electrically neutral. One property of water is that its solid form is less dense than its liquid form, which is a very rare quality. Due to the polarity of water, water can dissolve like (polar) substances. Also due to its high polarity, water molecules are highly attracted to each other which is why they have high surface tension.
List four characteristics of water that are emergent properties resulting from hydrogen bonding.
Due to hydrogen bonding, water has moderate temperatures, it’s solid form is less dense than it’s liquid, it has adhesion, cohesion, and a high surface tension. The surface tensions of water are due to the polarity of hydrogen bonding between the hydrogen atoms and the oxygen atom. This allows the water molecule to be highly attracted to itself. Cohesion is the bonding of water molecules to another, but adhesion is the bonding of water molecules to other surfaces (also due to the hydrogen bonding of this molecule). Also, the hydrogen bonding of water molecules allows the solid state of form to be less dense than the liquid state. This occurs because the space between the molecules increases when water crystallizes to become its solid …show more content…
Essentially, it measures the acidity or baseness of a substance. It ranges from a scale of 1 to 14, 17 being acidic, 7 being neutral, and 714 being a base.
Using the bicarbonate buffer system as an example, explain how buffers work.
A buffer can resist differing pH changes in either acidity or baseness within a solution. This allows the pH of a solution to remain stable or unchanged. A buffer must contain a weak conjugate acid-base pair within it to retain its functionality. Buffers work because they are able to neutralize minimal amounts of acids and bases. The bicarbonate buffer system is used to maintain pH levels within the blood. This helps to neutralize hydroxide ions in the blood, like any other buffer mechanism.
Explain how water’s high specific heat, high heat of vaporization, and expansion upon freezing affect aquatic and terrestrial