According to the article titled “Perceived Discrimination and DSM-IV–Based Alcohol and Illicit Drug Use Disorders” by Haslyn Hunte and Adam Barry, three criteria has been established as must be present to identify substance dependence according to the DSS-IV criteria. First, is tolerance. For example, tolerance is described as a need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve intoxication or the desired effect. If a drug is continually used at the same dose, then, there is a diminished effect, which requires an increased quantity to achieve the desired effect (Hunte & Barry, 2012). The second pattern of substance abuse is withdrawal. Withdrawal is characterized as a substance that is taken to relieve symptoms that occur with the onset
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A substance is often taken in larger amounts over time than initially intended (Hunte & Barry, 2012). The third criteria for DSM-IV to be met are, the drug or substance is taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than it was originally intended (Hunte & Barry, 2012). The four criteria used to define drug abuse are described in author, William Whites article titled “Substance abuse versus substance dependence: Implications for management of the DUI offender.” First, Criterion one is habitual substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major obligations to include work, school, or home typically resulting in numerous absences or poor work performance related to substance use, as well as, substance-related absences, suspensions, and child neglect (White, 2007). Secondly, habitual substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous and presents a danger to oneself and/or the public. This includes driving an automobile or operating a machine when impaired by substance use …show more content…
The third criterion is a reoccurrence of legal problems, which result from arrest. Arrest from DUI’s, public intoxication, disorderly conduct, as well as, any arrest that resulted from the use of any substance (White, 2007). Lastly, the fourth criterion is the continued use of any substance despite having persistent or reoccurring social and interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of the substances. This includes arguments with a spouse or significant other about consequences of intoxication, physical, and verbal altercations that result from consumption of a substance (White, 2007). In closing, White argues that while the above-mentioned criteria are categorized by the DSM-IV as criteria for substance abuse and dependency, scientific factors can often contribute to the abuse of substances. Family history, genetic make-up, and living environment often influence the onset of someone’s choice to begin experimenting with a
A substance is often taken in larger amounts over time than initially intended (Hunte & Barry, 2012). The third criteria for DSM-IV to be met are, the drug or substance is taken in larger amounts or over a longer period than it was originally intended (Hunte & Barry, 2012). The four criteria used to define drug abuse are described in author, William Whites article titled “Substance abuse versus substance dependence: Implications for management of the DUI offender.” First, Criterion one is habitual substance use resulting in a failure to fulfill major obligations to include work, school, or home typically resulting in numerous absences or poor work performance related to substance use, as well as, substance-related absences, suspensions, and child neglect (White, 2007). Secondly, habitual substance use in situations in which it is physically hazardous and presents a danger to oneself and/or the public. This includes driving an automobile or operating a machine when impaired by substance use …show more content…
The third criterion is a reoccurrence of legal problems, which result from arrest. Arrest from DUI’s, public intoxication, disorderly conduct, as well as, any arrest that resulted from the use of any substance (White, 2007). Lastly, the fourth criterion is the continued use of any substance despite having persistent or reoccurring social and interpersonal problems caused or exacerbated by the effects of the substances. This includes arguments with a spouse or significant other about consequences of intoxication, physical, and verbal altercations that result from consumption of a substance (White, 2007). In closing, White argues that while the above-mentioned criteria are categorized by the DSM-IV as criteria for substance abuse and dependency, scientific factors can often contribute to the abuse of substances. Family history, genetic make-up, and living environment often influence the onset of someone’s choice to begin experimenting with a