The article “Examining the Paradox between Dismantling De Jure Segregation and Affirmative Action,” was written by Tiffany Fountaine Boykin and Robert T. Palmer. Boykin is the Dean of Student Engagement at Anne Arundel Community College where she also helps supervise departments such as health services, child care development, etc. Robert is an associate professor in the Department of Educational Leadership and Policy Studies at Howard University. On top of that he was also the executive director of the African American Research and policy hence his interest in the issue of affirmative action. The article was issued in the Journal of Negro Education which a scholarly journal that publishes work related to the Education of Blacks in the United States. The main purpose of this article was to provide a historical of overview affirmative action policies and alternate methods that could help replace these policies. The article started off by explaining the “separate but equal” concept, which they believed was what led to
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Around 1960’s, President Lyndon B. Johnson passed two Executive Orders which utilizes federal funds to increase racial minorities and women equity in higher education (Boykin 116). The affirmative action policies was very successful in increasing the diversity on campus, however, in 1971 the case of DeFunis v Odegaard tried to challenge it. DeFunis sued the University of Washington Law School because he was rejected to the school even though he was more qualified than the minority students who were admitted. Another similar case was the case of Bakke and the University of California. Bakke, too, was not admitted to the University of California at Davis for the same reason as DeFunis. DeFunis’s case did not made a difference but with Bakke’s case the court system ruled that although race could be consider, it is not constitutional to have a set quota for
Around 1960’s, President Lyndon B. Johnson passed two Executive Orders which utilizes federal funds to increase racial minorities and women equity in higher education (Boykin 116). The affirmative action policies was very successful in increasing the diversity on campus, however, in 1971 the case of DeFunis v Odegaard tried to challenge it. DeFunis sued the University of Washington Law School because he was rejected to the school even though he was more qualified than the minority students who were admitted. Another similar case was the case of Bakke and the University of California. Bakke, too, was not admitted to the University of California at Davis for the same reason as DeFunis. DeFunis’s case did not made a difference but with Bakke’s case the court system ruled that although race could be consider, it is not constitutional to have a set quota for