Breast cancer refers to malignant cell growths found in the breast. Cancer starts when the healthy cells in the breast change and rapidly multiply creating masses of cells forming tumors. Tumors can be benign or cancerous meaning that the tumor cannot spread or spread to different parts of the body. Mastitis is when cancer spreads from the breast to other parts of the body through the lymph or blood vessels. This paper aims to discuss the relationship between genetic disorders, inheritance or mutations and breast cancer.
Breast cancer can be hereditary, however, the probability that a lady develops cancer through inheritance of a penetrant cancer gene validates the need for predictive cancer testing. The tests target genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2 …show more content…
Manifestation in different areas results in different forms of breast cancer. The most common forms of breast cancer are intraductal carcinoma, lobular neoplasia, infiltrating ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. Intraductal carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ is a pre-invasive form of breast cancer and is considered as the most common form of cancer. Its origins are in the duct linings and it does not spread out of the ducts. Lobular neoplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ is not referred to as cancer, however, cancer-looking cells grow within the lobules of breast’s milk-producing glands. The cells do not grow past the lobule walls or spread to other body parts. LCIS is not life-threatening but can be used to indicate the risk of developing invasive breast cancer. The most common form of invasive breast cancer is infiltrating ductal carcinoma. It is commonly based on it duct origins as it metastasizes invading the breast tissues, lymph nodes, and other body parts. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma has its origins in the lobules spreading to the surrounding breast tissues, then to the lymph nodes and other body …show more content…
In oncology, genetic construction aims to deliver a synthetic segment of nucleic acid to destroy or correct the mutated genes (McCarthy, and McCrudden). Through oncology identification of types of cancer is made possible and through this, it is possible to develop forms of treatment through genetic construction. Viruses are known to be highly efficient at delivering segments of their genetic material making them excellent delivery systems in the treatment of breast cancer. Current approaches use recombinant viruses which cannot replicate, require packaging cell lines to produce particles and are engineered to carry the desired gene (McCarthy, and McCrudden). Retroviral virus construction is an approach that characterizes vector integration to the host genomes. However, such an approach requires long-term transgene expression introducing concerns over insertional mutagenesis safety and oncogene activation in normal cells. Other approaches include oncolytic herpes simplex and oncolytic parvovirus. However, the oncolytic parvovirus approach does not invoke pathogenicity while in oncolytic herpes simplex it can be used to selectively destroy and replicate cancerous cells. This is based on its tropism to cancer. By design oncolytic viruses aim to deliver transgenes and a cytotoxicity. These approaches have also been used in the treatment of cervical cancer
Breast cancer can be hereditary, however, the probability that a lady develops cancer through inheritance of a penetrant cancer gene validates the need for predictive cancer testing. The tests target genes such as BRCA1, BRCA2 …show more content…
Manifestation in different areas results in different forms of breast cancer. The most common forms of breast cancer are intraductal carcinoma, lobular neoplasia, infiltrating ductal carcinoma and lobular carcinoma. Intraductal carcinoma or ductal carcinoma in situ is a pre-invasive form of breast cancer and is considered as the most common form of cancer. Its origins are in the duct linings and it does not spread out of the ducts. Lobular neoplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ is not referred to as cancer, however, cancer-looking cells grow within the lobules of breast’s milk-producing glands. The cells do not grow past the lobule walls or spread to other body parts. LCIS is not life-threatening but can be used to indicate the risk of developing invasive breast cancer. The most common form of invasive breast cancer is infiltrating ductal carcinoma. It is commonly based on it duct origins as it metastasizes invading the breast tissues, lymph nodes, and other body parts. Infiltrating lobular carcinoma has its origins in the lobules spreading to the surrounding breast tissues, then to the lymph nodes and other body …show more content…
In oncology, genetic construction aims to deliver a synthetic segment of nucleic acid to destroy or correct the mutated genes (McCarthy, and McCrudden). Through oncology identification of types of cancer is made possible and through this, it is possible to develop forms of treatment through genetic construction. Viruses are known to be highly efficient at delivering segments of their genetic material making them excellent delivery systems in the treatment of breast cancer. Current approaches use recombinant viruses which cannot replicate, require packaging cell lines to produce particles and are engineered to carry the desired gene (McCarthy, and McCrudden). Retroviral virus construction is an approach that characterizes vector integration to the host genomes. However, such an approach requires long-term transgene expression introducing concerns over insertional mutagenesis safety and oncogene activation in normal cells. Other approaches include oncolytic herpes simplex and oncolytic parvovirus. However, the oncolytic parvovirus approach does not invoke pathogenicity while in oncolytic herpes simplex it can be used to selectively destroy and replicate cancerous cells. This is based on its tropism to cancer. By design oncolytic viruses aim to deliver transgenes and a cytotoxicity. These approaches have also been used in the treatment of cervical cancer