Bipolar is a disorder within the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). There are two categories of bipolar, bipolar I and bipolar II. Bipolar I has three different categories known as mood episodes: manic, hypomanic, and major depressive. Bipolar disorder is associated with mood swings. A person goes from extremely happy and active, to happy and active, to depressed. There is not a cure for bipolar; however, it is treatable with a combination of mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and counseling. The average age of onset is 25 years old; however, the symptoms can occur during childhood and teenage years.
The manic episode is manifested when a person …show more content…
The symptoms must present at least 2 weeks. A diagnosis of bipolar I, major depressive episode requires the person to have symptoms of depressed mood or loss of interest/pleasure. For example, the person may lose interest in his or her favorite hobby. They may be very tearful, fatigue, or isolated. The symptoms are similar to any depressive diagnoses. Further symptoms of bipolar I, major depressive episode are as followed: weight loss, loss of appetite, decreased or increased sleep, loss of energy, inability to make decision or concentrate, or suicidal ideations or attempt, agitation/irritability, feeling of worthlessness, hopeless, and/or helplessness. The symptoms often cause impairments in functioning. As with hypomania, a diagnosis of bipolar I does not require a major depressive …show more content…
The professional diagnosing must rule out other disorder before making a final diagnosis. The differential diagnosis for bipolar are the following: major depressive disorder, other bipolar disorders, generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, PTSD, other anxiety disorders, substance/medication-induced bipolar disorder, ADHD, personality disorders, and disorders with prominent irritability. Differential diagnosis share the similar signs and symptoms; therefore, proper assessment and observations should be made for appropriate diagnosing. Bipolar II is similar to bipolar I; however bipolar II does not have the manic episode. The hypomanic and major depressive episodes criteria are the same as for bipolar