Bipolar disorder with mixed features:
Mixed features refer to mood episodes that are accompanied by symptoms of opposite polarity.
-major depression with mixed features- episode that meet the full criteria for a major depression combined with at least three symptoms of mania/hypomania, mainly elevated expansive mood, grandiosity, talkativeness, high energy and goal directed activities, decrease need for sleep and involvement in pleasurable activities.
-manic/hypomania with mixed features- episode that meet the full criteria for a manic/hypomanic episode with at least three symptoms of major depression, mainly depressed mood, low energy, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, psychomotor retardation, recurrent thoughts of worthlessness and death (49).
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder: …show more content…
The episodes can be major depression, hypomania and mania and these episodes are the same as of non-rapid cycling, and in addition the episodes can recur in any order. Patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorder do meet the DSM-5 criteria regarding the symptoms but do not meet the criteria regarding the duration for a mood episode. Rapid cycling BD affects bipolar 1 and bipolar 2 patients equally and it may occur at any point In the course of the illness. Rapid cycling is usually a transient phenomenon but may persist for years (106). The non-rapid cycling pattern is known as the seasonal pattern, for example, depression occurs in the winter months while mania or hypomania occurs in the summer and vice versa, seasonal pattern is associated with better prognosis, and it is more common in bipolar 2
Mixed features refer to mood episodes that are accompanied by symptoms of opposite polarity.
-major depression with mixed features- episode that meet the full criteria for a major depression combined with at least three symptoms of mania/hypomania, mainly elevated expansive mood, grandiosity, talkativeness, high energy and goal directed activities, decrease need for sleep and involvement in pleasurable activities.
-manic/hypomania with mixed features- episode that meet the full criteria for a manic/hypomanic episode with at least three symptoms of major depression, mainly depressed mood, low energy, loss of interest in pleasurable activities, psychomotor retardation, recurrent thoughts of worthlessness and death (49).
Rapid cycling bipolar disorder: …show more content…
The episodes can be major depression, hypomania and mania and these episodes are the same as of non-rapid cycling, and in addition the episodes can recur in any order. Patients with rapid cycling bipolar disorder do meet the DSM-5 criteria regarding the symptoms but do not meet the criteria regarding the duration for a mood episode. Rapid cycling BD affects bipolar 1 and bipolar 2 patients equally and it may occur at any point In the course of the illness. Rapid cycling is usually a transient phenomenon but may persist for years (106). The non-rapid cycling pattern is known as the seasonal pattern, for example, depression occurs in the winter months while mania or hypomania occurs in the summer and vice versa, seasonal pattern is associated with better prognosis, and it is more common in bipolar 2