Exercise 1.1 Health Models
a) Define what is meant by (i) the biomedical and (ii) the biopsychosocial model.
The term biomedical model refers to a particular viewpoint (model) that proposes disease and illness to be the body’s response to solely biological factors. For example that disease is caused by injury or chemical imbalances, thus it excludes social and psychological reasons for disease. (Sarafino & Smith, 2014).
The term biopsychosocial model states that there are three key aspects that interplay with each other affecting an individual’s health rather than just one individual aspect (MASIAK, 2013). The aspects are biological, social (family cultural influences) and psychological (emotional, cognition, & motivation) influences …show more content…
Consider the health issue of alcohol abuse. Using the biopsychosocial model, suggest factors that might influence people’s behaviour in relation to these issues.
Biological:
1) Alcohol affects the brains neurotransmitters resulting in altered serotonin and GABA. This can lead to aggressive behavior (Babor., Rehm & Room, 2005).
2) There is evidence for a genetic predisposition to alcoholism. Contributing genes include nicotinic receptor genes and the GABRA3 (Lyer-Eimerbrink & Nurnberger, 2014).
Social:
1) Research shows that a person’s drinking partner/ peers had a direct influence on the level of alcohol consumed displaying the influence of peer pressure (Christiansen., Dallas., Field., Jones & Robinson, 2014).
2) Children will learn behavior’s from their family members in particular one’s parents thus if are child is exposed to alcoholic parents that child is more like to model a similar behavior as an adult (Sarafino & Smith, 2014, p. 14).
Psychological:
1) Classical conditioning can be seen when a once unconditioned stimuli becomes conditioned and thus elitist’s a withdrawal response when down stimulated for example a alcohol poster may create a desire for alcohol (Grahame & O’tousa,
a) Define what is meant by (i) the biomedical and (ii) the biopsychosocial model.
The term biomedical model refers to a particular viewpoint (model) that proposes disease and illness to be the body’s response to solely biological factors. For example that disease is caused by injury or chemical imbalances, thus it excludes social and psychological reasons for disease. (Sarafino & Smith, 2014).
The term biopsychosocial model states that there are three key aspects that interplay with each other affecting an individual’s health rather than just one individual aspect (MASIAK, 2013). The aspects are biological, social (family cultural influences) and psychological (emotional, cognition, & motivation) influences …show more content…
Consider the health issue of alcohol abuse. Using the biopsychosocial model, suggest factors that might influence people’s behaviour in relation to these issues.
Biological:
1) Alcohol affects the brains neurotransmitters resulting in altered serotonin and GABA. This can lead to aggressive behavior (Babor., Rehm & Room, 2005).
2) There is evidence for a genetic predisposition to alcoholism. Contributing genes include nicotinic receptor genes and the GABRA3 (Lyer-Eimerbrink & Nurnberger, 2014).
Social:
1) Research shows that a person’s drinking partner/ peers had a direct influence on the level of alcohol consumed displaying the influence of peer pressure (Christiansen., Dallas., Field., Jones & Robinson, 2014).
2) Children will learn behavior’s from their family members in particular one’s parents thus if are child is exposed to alcoholic parents that child is more like to model a similar behavior as an adult (Sarafino & Smith, 2014, p. 14).
Psychological:
1) Classical conditioning can be seen when a once unconditioned stimuli becomes conditioned and thus elitist’s a withdrawal response when down stimulated for example a alcohol poster may create a desire for alcohol (Grahame & O’tousa,