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60 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
cultural assimilation |
process by which a less dominant culture adopts the traits of a more dominant culture so completely that the two cultures become indistinguishable. |
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lingua franca |
A common language that is used among speakers of different languages for the purposes of trade and commerce is called |
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Language branch |
collection of languages related through a common ancestor. |
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culture |
body of customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people. |
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folk culture |
culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogenous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups |
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isogloss |
boundary that separates regions in which different language usage predominats |
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nationality |
identification with a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular place as a result of being born there |
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nation-state |
a state whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity that has been transformed into a nationality |
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"Parent" religion to Buddhism |
Hinduism |
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contagious diffusion |
rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population |
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ethnicity |
Identity with a group of people based on cultural traits more than biologic ones |
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Branches of Buddhism |
Theravada, Mahayana, and Vajrayana |
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hearth |
origin |
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literary tradition |
language that is both written and spoken |
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multiethnic state |
state that contains more than one ethnicity |
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ethnocentrism |
The belief that one ethnicity is better than another |
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language group |
collection of languages within a branch that share a common origin in the relatively recent past and display relatively few differences in grammar and vocabulary |
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cultural diffusion |
the spread of culture traits from one group to another. |
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universalizing religion |
religion that attempts to appeal to all people, not just those living in a particular location |
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pilgrimage |
journey for religious purposes to a place considered sacred |
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cuture complex |
A group of related cultural traits |
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multinational state |
a state containing two or more ethnic groups with traditions of self determination that agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each other as distinct nationalities |
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Creole language |
a language that results from mixing of a colonizer's language with the indigenous language of the people being dominated |
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hierarchical religion |
a religion in which a central authority exercises a high degree of control |
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race |
identification with a group of people descended from a common ancestor |
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nationalism |
loyalty and devotion to a particular nationality |
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Jerusalem |
This city is holy to Christianity, Islam, and Judaism |
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Indo-European branches |
Indo-Iranian, Romance, Germanic, Balto-Slavic |
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Language |
a system of communication through the use of nspeech, a collection of sounds understood by a groupn of people to have the same meaning |
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relocation diffusion |
the spread of a feature or trend through bodily movement of people from one place to another |
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branch |
a large and fundamental divide within a religion |
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Branches of Christianity |
Roman Catholic, Protestand, Orthodox |
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ethnic cleansing |
process in which a more powerful ethnic group forcibly removes a less powerful group in order to create an ethnically homogenous region |
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sect |
a relatively small group that has broken away from an established denomination |
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Core-sphere-domain model |
the place where concentration of culture traits that characterizes a region is greatest |
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taboo |
a restriciton on behavior imposed by a social custom |
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Branches of Islam |
Sunni and Shiite |
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centripetal force |
an attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state |
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official language |
the language adopted for use by the government for the conduct of business and publication of documents |
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balkanization |
process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities |
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custom |
the frequent repetition of an act to the extent that it becomes characteristic of the group of people performing the act |
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ideogram |
the system of writing used in China and other East Asian countries in which each symbol represents an idea or concept rather than a specific sound |
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pidgin language |
a form of speech that adopts a simplified grammar and limited vocabulary of a lingua franca, used for communications among speakers of two different languages. |
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ethnic religion |
a religion with a relatively concentrated spatial disdtribution whose principles are likely to be based on the physical characteristics of the particular location in which its adherents are concentrated |
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culture realm |
geographic assemblage of related culture regions |
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cultural transition zone |
an area around the boundary between two culture regions that exhibits traits from both cultures |
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apartheid |
laws in South Africa that physically separated different raes into different geographic areas |
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denomination |
a division of a branch that unites a number of local religious congregations in a single legal and administrative body |
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Syncretism |
merging of different religions, cultures, schools of thoughts, etc. |
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Latin based roman languages |
Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, French, Romanian |
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caste |
the class or distinct hereditary order into which a Hindu is assigned according to religious law |
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animism |
belief that objects or natural events have a discrete spirit and conscious life |
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popular culture |
culture found in large, heterogenous society that shares certain habit despite differences in other personal characteristics |
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dialect |
regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronounciation |
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habit |
a repetitive act performed by a particular individual |
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vernacular language |
language used by the common people, native dialect, etc. |
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extinct language |
a language that was once used by people in daily activities but is no longer used |
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racism |
the belief that race is the primary determinant of human traits and capacities and that racial differences produce an inherent superiority of a particular race |
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acculturation |
the process by which a less dominant culture adoptss some of the traits of a more dominant culture |
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language family |
a collection of languages related to each other through a common ancestor that existed long before recorded history |