Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
culture
|
the language, beliefs, values, norms, behaviors, and even material objects that are passed from one generation to the next
|
|
material culture
|
such things as jewelry, art, utensils
|
|
non-material culture
|
group's way of thinking...beliefs, values
|
|
culture shock
|
disorientation in another culture
|
|
ethnocentrism
|
a tendency to use our own group's ways of doing things as the yardstick for judging others
-it creates in-group loyalties, but it can lead to discrimination against people whose ways differ from ours |
|
cultural relativism
|
trying to understand a culture on its own terms
|
|
symbolic culture
|
non-material culture
-central component is the symbols that people use |
|
symbol
|
something to which people attach meaning and that they then use to communicate with one another (gestures, languages, gestures)
|
|
gestures
|
using one's body to communicate with others
|
|
language
|
symbols that can be strung together in an infinite number of ways for the purpose of communicating abstract thought
|
|
Sapir-Whorf hypothesis
|
indicates that rather than objects and events forcing themselves onto our consciousness, it is our language that determines our consciousness, and hence our perception of objects and events
|
|
values
|
culture's ideas of what is desirable in life
|
|
norms
|
society's rules of behavior
|
|
sanctions
|
reactions people get for following or breaking norms
|
|
moral holiday
|
relieve the pressure of norms-Mardi Gras
|
|
folkways
|
norms that are not strictly enforced
-we expect people to comply with folkways, but don't make a big deal about it if they don't |
|
mores
|
essential to our core values and we insist on conformity
-more serious if broken |
|
taboo
|
a norm so strongly ingrained that even the thought of its violation is greeted with revulsion
|
|
subculture
|
a world within the larger world of the dominant culture. consist of people whose experiences have led them to have a distinctive way of looking at life
|
|
counterculture
|
some of the group's values and norms place it at odds with the dominant culture
|
|
pluralistic society
|
made up of many different groups
|
|
What are the U.S. values?
|
achievement and success, individualism, activity and work, efficiency and practicality, science and technology, progress, material comfort, humanitarianism, freedom, democracy, equality, racism and group superiority, education, religiosity, romantic love
|
|
value clusters
|
values are not independent units; some cluster together to form a larger whole
|
|
value contradiction
|
the value of a group superiority contradicts freedom, democracy, and equality
|
|
What are some emerging U.S. values?
|
leisure, self-fulfillment, physical fitness, youthfulness, concern for the environment
|
|
ideal culture
|
values, norms, and goals that a group considers idea, worth aspiring to
|
|
real culture
|
what people actually do usually falls below the ideal. the norms that people actually follow
|
|
technology
|
can be equated with tools, skills, or procedures necessary to make tools
|
|
new technology
|
an emerging technology that has a significant impact on social likfe
|
|
cultural diffusion
|
when cultures come into contact; change in their technology or material culture
|
|
cultural leveling
|
travel and communication are now uniting the world. cultures become more similar to one another
|