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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
forbidding marriage or sex outside one's assigned group is used to maintain a _____ system
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caste
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Max Weber used the concept of ______ to analyze the meaning of social class
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life changes
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Which of the following is a strong predictor of one's occupation, income, and wealth in later life?
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education
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how far an individual moves up or down the socioeconomic scale in her lifetime is called
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social mobility
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Studies of social mobility from Peter Blau and Otis Dudley Duncan's in the 1960s to Pierre Bourdieu's in the 1980s have shown that
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while there was a great deal of virtical movility, or movement along the cocieconomic scale, nearly all of it was between occupational positions quite close to one another. Long range mobility, from working class to upper class, was rear
status was educatinal attainment and transmission of cultural capital |
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When on is poor compared to the standards of living of most people, she experiences
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relative poverty: it is reasonabile to call a person poor in the united states if he lacks the basic sources needed to maintain a decent standard of housing and healtier living conditions
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In Karl Marx's theory, a class is made up of people who have the same relationship to the
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Means of production:
The means in which they gain a livilihood |
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Most faqmine and hunger in the world today are the outcome of
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a combination of national and social forces
the combination of drought and internal warfare has wrecked food production |
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Rapid economic growth in East Asia in the 1980s and 1990s was accompanied by:
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helped to pave the way for economic growth
united states provided a big market for clothing etc. Benefied from a long period of economic growth Economic growth took off at the high point of the cold war Some, due to their cultural traditions shared confucian philosophy many asian goverments followed strong policies that favored economic growth |
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Sweatshops are:
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low wage low factory, a small factory that has numerous violations of wage, health and safety laws
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Which theory promotes the adoption of Western capitalist economic systems and values as the road to economic development
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market oriented theories
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The ______ are regions of the world that apply technology invented elsewhere in their own production and consumption systems
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Technology Adopters
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In what way could you personally help reduce the amount of expolitive and dangerous child labor in the world today?
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stop buying from these countries
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Which gender is the dominant and aggressive one among the !Kung of the Kalahar Desert?
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Agressive behavior isn't tolerated
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_____ refers to any difference in status, power, and prestige between men and women in groups, collectives, and societies
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gender inequality
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Which of the following has been offered as a sociological explanation for the gap between women's and men's work in the home?
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household work is exchanged for economic support
women's jobs bind them to a fix time mens household tasks are done less regularly & more discretionary family incorporates a strong & relatively enduring association of caring activity men are expected to be providers women expected to tend to their families |
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_______ is the systematic domination of females by males
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patriarchy
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______ means that women and men are concerntrated in different occupations
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sex segregation
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What agency has helped develop ties among women's movements in countries around the world?
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modern womens movement
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Overall, sociologist conclude that
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no society can truly hope to better the lives of its citizens until it fosters gender equality
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When people adope an identity in some contexts but not in others they are practicing
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symbolic ethnicity
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Behavior that disqualifies members of one group from opportunities available to others is:
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new racism or cultural racism
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Racism that is not simply the opinions of a small seqment of the population, but systematically pervades all of a society's structures and operations, is known as
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institutional racism
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Suspicion of outsiders and a tendency to judge other cultures in terms of one'w own cultural standards is called
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look up
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in several parts of former Yugoslavia, certain ethnic groups were subjected to harassment, threats, and campaigns of terror in order to forcibly expel them and create ethnically homogeneous regions. This practice is known as
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ethnic cleansing
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When a group takes over the attitudes and language of the dominate community they have engaged in
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Assimilation
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Global migratory patterns are a result of the combination of _____, the movement of people into a country to settle, and ______, the process by which people leave a country to settle in another
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immigration
emigration |
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More than 99 percent of the people in the United States are descended from
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look up
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Average life expectancy in the world today is
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65 years old
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Which of the following is the sociological definition of aging?
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biological: physical body
phychological: mind & mental capibility social one: cultural norms, role expectations |
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Role expectations for the elderly vary
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supreme court justice, senior advisor doting grandparent religious elder, grumpy old men, senior citizen, spinster, mentally confused, duddering old men
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Recent theories on aging emphasize
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view elderly as playing an active role in determining their own physical & mental well-being, family work and living conditions are important sources of one's self-concept
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Research in the United States shows:
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look up
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The average monthly benefit for recipients of social security
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$845 retired
$786 disabled $810 nondisabled - weren't widowed or workers |
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The question of generational equity will become more acute as
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fewer and fewer working age people to shoulder the tzx burden necessary to support more and more retirees. May come a time when a predominately white elderly retired population is supported by taxes paid by a predominately nonwhite working population
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a traditional state?
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population ruled by a king or emperor with little awareness or interest in who governed them. Had no political rights or influence. Only the dominate classes or more affluent groups felt a sense of belonging to an overall political community
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Which of the following is a characteristic of a nation-state
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provides a sovereign territory. Government possesses authority over an area with clear cut bounderies, within which it is the supreme power
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The primary source of the contradictions that lead to class struggle and revolution is ______, in Marx's model
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economic changes or changes in the force of production. As forces of production alter contradiction is intensified, leading to open clashes between classes
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Which of the following contributed to the "wave of democracy" in the 1980s and '90s
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look up
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Why do corporations prefer to do business in democratic states, according to the text?
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look up
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According to Ehrenreich ("Nickled and Dimed")
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book on an experiment on low income and how to live
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Anderson sees much of the code of the streets as an effort to:
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exists in poor, inner-city African-American communities. While some people do not adhere to the values underlying this particular code, it places all young African-American males under extreme pressure to respond to in certain ways to certain compromising situations. Anderson Heargues ostensibly that young black males learn criminal activity a
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Among the functions of the idea of an "undeserving poor" are all of the following EXCEPT:
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look up
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Robert Reich describes inequality in wealth and earnings in the US as:
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look up
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Reich believes that, in addition to global economic changes, the "social compact" is weaker because
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Americans no longer face the common perils of Depression, hot war, or cold war
new global economy, those more skilled, more tallented, or wealthier are not as economically dependent on the local or regional economy the wealthy and poor are likely to have markedly different life experiences. |
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Ritzer thinks the strongest criticixms of the McDonal's system are ones that:
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People who were born before the process and knew a different way of life
people from non-mcdonalds cultures |
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The perspective of the author of "Border State Patrol" could best be described as that of:
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suspicion is common and fair treatment is not always forthcoming.
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Most people who study deviance, including William Chambliss ("Sains and Roughnecks")recognize that
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visibility, demeanor,bias. Roughnecks patternof deviancy was reinforced, and breaking away from it became increasingly unlikely. this will continue unless some event external to the established relationship intervenes.
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Ehrenreich concludes from her study that:
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its impossible to live on a low salery
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Low tips or the failure to be tipped at all is interpreted by the waitresses as
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Divert blame for stiffs and low tips from the waitress to the characteristics of the customer.
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