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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
abducted
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away from the body (position of arm fro ABGs collection)
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ABGs
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arterial blood gases
venous blood varies relative to metabolic needs arterial blood consistent through out body |
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Allen Test
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test before radial puncture
positive- okay to puncture neg-no puncture |
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arteriospasm
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reflex(involuntary) contraction of artery
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brachial artery
femoral artery radial artery ulnar artery |
-brachial-medial anterior aspect of anticubital fossa(2nd choice arterial puncture)
-femoral-superficially in groin, lateral to the pubis bone(largest used for arterial puncture) -radial-thumb side of wrist(1st choice arterial puncture) -ulnar-opposite side from radial artery(never used) |
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collateral circulation
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the site is supplied from more than one artery(circulation maintained if damaged or obstructed)
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steady state
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stable..no exercise suctioning or respirator changes
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FiO2
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fraction of inspired oxygen
room air is 0.21 |
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L/M
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liters per minute
flow rate for ventilation status |
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ABGs measured
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pH, PO2, PCO2, HCO, O2 saturation, Base excess/deficit
(see chart pp454for description and ranges) |
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biggest advantage of using radial artery for ABGs
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presence of collateral circulation
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other sites for arterial specimens
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scalp, umbilical arteries in infants, dorsalis pedis in adults
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needles for ABGs collection size?
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22 or smaller
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ABG Requisition info?
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full name
record or ID# age/DOB room #/PT location Date & Time collection FiO2 or L/M body temp respiration rate clinical indication (ie..FiO2 or ventilation change) your initials phys name also may be required: ventilation status method of ventilation site and procedure PT activity and position working diag and ICD code |
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electrolite should not be cooled
why? |
it affects potassium levels
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acceptable anitcoagulant for ABGs
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heparin
(too much can result in acidosis, too little can result in clotting of specimen) |
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ABG rejection criteria
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air bubbles
clotted hemolysis improper/absent labeling improper transportation temp inadequate volume for test (QNS) prolonged delay in delivery to lab use of wrong syringe |
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hazards and complications assoc with Aterial puncture
list 7 |
Arteriospasm
discomfort infection hematoma numbness thrombus formation vasovagal response |
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vasovagal response is?
caused by? |
faintness/loss of conciousness related to hypotension
-nervous sys response(increased vagus nerve activity) to abrupt pain or trauma |
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sampling errors
list 7 |
air bubbles
delay in analysis improper mixing improper syringe venous blood (not arterial) use improper anticoagulant too much/little heparin |