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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
How are respiratory drugs usually administrated ?
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Inhalation
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What is the alternate route to inhalation?
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systamatically
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Name the (8) common drugs
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a) beta2-Adenoceptic agents
b) anticholinergics c) leucotrine modifers d) corticosteriods e)Monoclonal antibodies f) mast cell stabilisers g) decongestants h) methyxanthine |
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Describe asthma
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A syndrom in which there is a recurrent attacks or reversible airway obstruction as a result of broncoconstriction and mucus secretions
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How is asthma charcterised ?
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Difficulity breathing out,wheezing and cough
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what are the two phases in asthma?
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Immediate and delayed phase
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What is the treatment in the case of a immediate early attack?
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Inhaling drugs from a pressurised container
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what is done in the case of an acute severe asthma attack
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hospitalisation
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What are the names of the agent used in the treatment of asthma ?and list 3 examples
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beta2 -Adrenoreceptors (salbuonol,terabulaim,and samertron)
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How beta2adrenorepteragents work?
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stimulits beta 2 adrenorecepers reducing broncodilation and act as a physilological antagonist to varrious spasmogenic agents
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What are the three ways for B2adrenorecepter agents to be administered ?
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Aerosol-most common or orally or injection
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What the three side effects of B2adrenorecepter agents?
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Tremor,nervoustension and tachycardia
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Name two examples of methylxanthines ?
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Theophline and aminophyline
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How do methylxanthines work?
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Produce broncodiluation by inhibiting phosphodiesterase therefore causing increased level of CAMP
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name the adverse effects of methylxanthines ?
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Stimulite the heart and CNS ;Nausua headache ,insomnia and abdominal dyscomfort
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What is the difference between theophyline and aminophyline
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Theophyline is sustained release oral for nocturnal asthma
where as aminophylin is an intervenous drug given for acute sever asthma |
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Give two examples of anti-Inflammatory agents
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GLucocorticoids and chromoglicate
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How do anti-inflammatory agents work
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increase airway caliber by reducing inflammatory reactions
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Why are anti-Inflammatory agents only used in the delayed phase of asthma
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Because they are innefective in the Immediate phase
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How do chromoglicates work?
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The action of chromglicates is unknown
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What is COPD
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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How is COPD characterised (4)
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a) Inflammation of the airway
b) Cough c)progressive breathlessness d) damage to the alveoli |
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what 2 agents are usually used against COPD cough ?
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Codine and pholcodine
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what the two cough medications used in COPD not used in asthma patients ?
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They are contraindicated in asthma
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What receptors to anti-histamines act upon ?
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H, receptors
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what are antihistamines used for ?
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Allergic reactions such as hay-fever
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What is the defference between new and old antihistomines
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Old hace antimucolorinic action and cross the blood brian barrier and have side effects of drowsiness
new have and atropine type of effect and do not cross the blood brain barrier and therefore do not cause drowsiness |