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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Define pharmacology
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Study of drugs
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Define Pharmacotherapy
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Drug treatments
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Drugs can be formed or derived from?
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Chemical (synthetic)
Animals minerals plants DNA |
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What does the accronym FDA stand for?
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Food and Drug Administration
Regulates drug testing and approves new drugs. |
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What does the accronym PDR stand for?
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Physicians Desk Refference
It includes drug names, clinical pharmacology, indications, contraindications, drug interactions, adverse reaction, dosage, and administration. |
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What does the accronym AHFS stand for?
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American Hospital Formulatory Service (drug information)
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What is meant by the term Generic name?
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Not owned by any particular pharmaceutical company, and therefore are considered the nonproprietary name or legal name.
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What is meant by the term Trade name?
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Name given by the manufacturer or brand name.
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What is meant by the term Chemical name?
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Important as a point of refference to manufacture the drug, but it has little practical use for practitioner or consumer.
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What is meant by the term Indication and usage?
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Informs you of the clinical indication,That is, why you would consider using this medication.
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Define Contraindications.
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Contains warnings to a particular patient or situations in which you should not use this medication.
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Define Drug interaction
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Drugs can interact in many ways to change the effects of one or more drugs involved.
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What does the term Additive mean?
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When 2 drugs are given together and the result of those 2 can be summed up by the equation 1+1=2.
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What does the term Synergism mean?
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When 2 drugs are given together and interact to equal 1+1=3.
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What does the term Potentiation mean?
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Described numerically as 1+0=3. this means that one of the drugs having no direct effect, increases the response of the other drug.
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Adverse Drug Reactions
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side effects of drugs having mild to severe effects.
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Teratogenic
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A drug that has the potential to damage a fetus when administered to pregnant women.
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What information is included in the Dosage & Administration section of the drug package?
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Standard dose for meds; Elaborates on how medication is supplied and any special treatment or care should be given to preserve it's effectiveness.
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First pass effect
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Drugs that go through the liver
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Enteral route
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Absorption are via the GI tract.
oral sublingual nasogastric NG tube Rectal |
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Others route
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Ihalation, topical, transdermal
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Parenteral routes
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Injectable, IV, IM, SC, Intraatrial
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Pharmacokenetics
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Movement of drugs through the body
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What are the processes of Pharmacokenetics?
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Absorption
Distribution Metabolism Elimination |
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Pharmacodynamics
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What the drug does to the body after it is absorbed and distributed.
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Selectivity
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Extent to which a drug acts at one specific site or receptor.
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Lock and Key receptor theory
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Description of interactions between drugs and receptors. If the drug does not fit the receptor, no activity occurs.
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Agonist
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drugs with affinity for a receptor to cause a specific response.
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Antagonist
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drugs that block receptors to respond.
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Potency
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amount of drug required to produce the response desired
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Tolerance
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An increased amount of drug to produce an effect
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Dependence
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Can be physiologic or psychologic need
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Half life
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The amount of time it takes the concentration of the drug to decrease by half.
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Steady state
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Maximum concentration of the drug in the body when administered over a period of time.
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Loading dose
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A starting dose that is administered to achieve theraputic concentration rapidly.
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Maintenance dose
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Given to keep a drug at a theraputic level in the blood.
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Toxicity
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levels of poison
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Emetics
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Vomiting agents
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Therapeutic Index
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The ratio between minimum effective dose and the max tolerated dose
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Prescription
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Doctors orders
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The Basic Five Rights
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Right drug
Right dose Right patient Right time Right route |