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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
biosynthetic secretory pathway
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the process used by EUCARYOTIC cells to synthesize proteins and lipids, followed by secretion or delivery to organelles or the plasma membrane; involves the ER endoplasmic reticulum, GOLGI apparatus, and secretory vessles
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cilia
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threadlike appendages extending from the surface of some protists that beat rhythmically to propel them; cilia are membrane-bound cylinders with a complex internal array of microtubules usually in a 9+2 PATTERN
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cristae
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infoldings of the inner mitochondrial membrane
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cytoskeleton
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a network of microfilaments, microtubules, intermediate filaments and other components in the cytoplams of eucaryotic cells that helps given them shape, functions during cell division, and helps move materials in the cytoplasm
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endocytosis
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process in which a cell takes up solutes or particles b enclosing them in vesicles pinched off from it;s plasma membrane
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endoplasmic reticulum
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system of tubules and flattened sacs (cisternae) in the cytoplasm of eucaryotic cells, rough ER bears ribosomes on its surface; smooth endoplasmic reticulim lacks ribosomes.
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flagellum
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a thin threadlike appendage on many prokaryotic and eucaryotic cells tht is repsonsible for their motility
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golgi apparatus
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a membranous eukaryotic organelle composed of flattened sacs (cisternae), which is involved in packaging and modifying materials for secretion and many other processes
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lysosome
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that contains hydrolytic enxymes and is reponsible for the intracellular digestion of substances
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microfilaments
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protein filaments, about 4 to 7 nm in diameter, that are present in the cytoplasm of eucaryotic cells and play a role in cell structure and motion
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microtubules
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small cylinders, about 25nm in diameter, made of tubulin proteins and are present in the cytoplasm and flagella of EUCARYOTIC cells; they are involved in cells structure and movement
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mitochondrion
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the EUCARYOTIC organelle that is the site of cellular respiration; it provides most of a nonphotosynthetic cell's energy under aerobic conditions
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nuclear envelope
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the complex double-membrane structure forming the outer boundary of the nucleus
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nucleolus
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an organelle located within the nucleus and not bounded by a membrane; is the location of ribosomal RNA synthesis and the assembly of ribosomal units
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nucleus
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the EUCARYOTIC organelle enclosed by a double membrane envelope that contains the cells chromosomes
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phagocyotosis
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endocytotic process in which a cell encloses large particles in a membrane-delimited phagocytic vacuole (phagosome) and engulfs them
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proteasome
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a cylindrical complex found in the cytoplasm of EUCARYOTIC cells that is responsible for the degradation of proteins
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septa
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a cross wall that divides microbial cells
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thylakoid
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a flattened sac in the chloroplast stroma that contains photosynthetic pigments and the proteins and other molecules that convert light energy into ATP
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