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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
gallbladder location |
fossa on posteriorinferior portion of liver |
|
identifying landmark |
main lobar fissure |
|
gallbladder shape |
oval, conical, gord-like, pear shaped |
|
three segments of gallbladder |
fundus body neck |
|
Neck is in the fixed position at |
main lobar fissure
|
|
body and fundus are _________ in position |
variable |
|
Normal Length of GB |
7-10cm SAG 3cm RV |
|
GB volume = |
LxWxH x.52 |
|
Abnormal size GB |
no longer tear drop shaped in SAG but rounded RV diameter exceeds 5 cm Enlarged |
|
connects neck of GB to common hepatic duct |
cystic duct |
|
cystic duct is __________ to GB neck |
superior |
|
found within cystic duct control inward & outward flow of bile keep duct from kinking may cause refractive artifactual shadowing |
Spiral Valves of Heister |
|
duodenal papilla forms opening into duodenum |
Ampulla of Vater |
|
Ampulla of vater the spinchter of oddi controls |
flow of bile and pancreatic juices into duodenum |
|
order of vessels posterior to aterior |
IVC portal vein hepatic artery bile duct |
|
function of the GB |
to store bile |
|
what does bile do |
emulsifier that breaks down fats |
|
bile is made up of |
bile salts, cholesterol and small amount of bilirubin |
|
bile is controled by a contraction called |
cholecystokinin |
|
__________ is the main pigment found in bile |
bilirubin |
|
bilirubin is produced by |
breakdown of hemoglobin |
|
bile duct function is to |
store & concentrate bile, deliver it to duodenum |
|
Normal Length common bile duct |
1-4 mm 4-6mm grey area add 1 mm past 60 years up to 10 mm s/p cholecystectomy |
|
Increase in ____________ bilirubin indicates mechanical obstruction to flow |
direct |
|
increase in ___________ bilirubin indicates hepatic damage or pre-hepatic problem |
indirect |
|
a lab value of increase in ___________ indicates mechanical obstruction to flow of bilirubin |
serum alkaline phosphatase |
|
fold between fundus and body of GB |
phrygian
|
|
fold between body and infundibulum of GB |
junctional fold |
|
rare varients of GB biliary tree |
Duplication agnesis septations |
|
US appearance of normal GB |
lumen is anechoic, wall is pencil thin length is no greater than 3mm |
|
Wall measurements of GB are taken in |
TRV of anterior wall |
|
transducers used for GB imaging___________ transducer footprint___________ transducer focus__________ transducer placement______________ |
3.0MHZ or 3.5MHZ for Normal PT
5.0 for thin PT small for intercostal scanning single focus subcostal or intercostal |
|
gain should be______ Lumen should be______
|
turned down
anechoic |
|
pitfalls include
|
Anterior of L Portal can look like GB
Gain too high incomplete survey fold can mimic pathology S/P cholecystectomy: image GB fossa |
|
Always measure the ______ of the duct |
lumen |
|
Measure the duct at its __________ point |
widest |
|
CHD is __________ to hepatic ART CBD is ___________ to hepatic ART |
superior inferior |
|
distal CBD is found in |
posterolateral head of pancreas |
|
distal most portion of CBD is found in |
head of pancreas |
|
Distal CBD can measure up to |
7mm |
|
R & L hepatic ducts are found |
anterior to right & left portal veins |