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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
In some patients with mild stroke, |
The affected ankle plantarflexors were prematurely activated in the early stance phase, because of the enhanced stretch reflex. |
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Because this premature contraction of the ankle plantarflexors may thrust the knee joint into hyperextension in the stance phase, |
Instead of propelling the body forward as in normal gait, the gait velocity of these patients was affected. |
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However, other researchers have found that the degree of the spasticity of the affected ankle plantarflexors and knee axtensors |
Was not significantly related to the gait velocity of patients with mild to moderate spastic hemiparesis. |
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Therefore, it remains unclear as to whether spasticity of the affected lower extremity |
Is the key factor influencing the gait velocity of these patients. |
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Some investigators have shown moderate correlation |
Between standing balance and gait performance of patients with stroke of varying severity. |
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However, reported no significant correlation between standing balance and maximal walking speed for patients with good standing balance ability |
That is those showing less than 30cm of center of foot pressure path in 10 seconds of standing. |
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Standing balance training that led to better improvement in standing symmetry failed |
To result in greater improvement in hemiplegic gait symmetry of patients with moderate stroke. |
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Whereas most research has focused on investigating |
The causes of slow gait velocity in patients with stroke. Less effort has been made to investigate the causes of gait asymmetry in these patients. |
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The primary causes of gait asymmetry in patients with stroke |
Have yet to be determined. |
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The purposes of our study were to investigate the association between several direct impairments and gait performance, |
Including gait velocity as well as temporal and spatial asymmetry in comfortable and fast- speed walking conditions, in patients with stroke, and to identify the most important direct impairments that determine gait velocity and asymmetry of these patients. |
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The direct impairments investigated included |
Isokinetic muscle strength of the hip flexors, knee extensors, and ankle plantarflexors, motor recovery status, sensory function, and ankle plantarflexor spasticity of the affected lower extremity. |
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FMA uses a cumulative numeric scoring system, with 17 motor and 6 sensory items |
For evaluating the lower extremity, each scored from 0 to 2. A score of 0 indicates complete loss of sensory function or inability to perform a motor item. A score of 2 indicates normal sensory function or ability to perform a designated movement to full range |
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Demonstrated benefits in terms of improvement in function |
Have been less convincing. |
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Remaining |
Among the RCTs, two included a placebo control, while the remaining studies used electrical stimulation or taping as a co- intervention; however, in these studies, subject in the control condition received botox only. Data from these three RCTs were treated as single- intervention studies. |
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Gait velocity is not an ideal outcome measure, it was chosen as it is considered to be an effective indication of the degree of gait impairment and was commonly reported. |
Its limitations include the inability to capture improvement that may have occurred in gait quality, standing balance, satisfaction with treatment or the discontinued need for walking aids or orthoses. |
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The decision to include single-group intervention trials and to treat the results from the single arm of an RCT as such helped to increase the number of studies available for analysis, |
But may have also led to an over- estimation of the treatment effect |
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Threshold associated with full community ambulation |
Is 0.8 m/s |