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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Kluver Bucy
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Bilateral amygdala
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Disinhibition and judgement deficits
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Frontal lobe
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Spacial neglect syndrome
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Right parietal lobe
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Agraphyia, acalculia, finger agnosia, and L-R disorientation
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Left parietal lobe at angular gyrus
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Reduced level of arousal
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Reticular activating system
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Wernicke-Korsakoff (confusion, ataxia, memory loss, personality changes, and confabulation
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Bilateral mammillary bodies
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Tremor, chorea, or athetosis
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Basal ganglia
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Intention tremor, limb ataxia with fall towards side of lesion
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Ipsilateral Cerebellar hemisphere
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Truncal ataxia, dysarthria
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cerebellar vermis
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contralateral hemiballismus
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subtalamic nucleus
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Anterograde amnesia (can't make new memories)
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Hippocampus
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Eyes look away from side of lesion
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PPRF
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Eyes look towards lesion
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Frontal eye fields
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Paralysis of upward gaze
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Suprior colliculi
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Acute paralysis, dysarthria, dysphagia, and LOC in a hospitalized hyponatremic patient
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Osmotic demylination of the central pontine due to rapid correction of hyponatremia
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Broca's or Wernicke's aphasia
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Left temporal lesion (broca = inferior frontal gyrus, wernicke's = superior temporal gyrus)
Nondominant lesion = can't express or comprehend emotion |
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Poor repetition but fluent speech and intact comprehension
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Arcuate fasciculus
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Artery injured if: contralateral hemiparesis and decreased proprioception + ipsilateral tongue paresis
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Anterior spinal artery = medial medullary syndrome
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Artery injured if:
contralateral pain and temp ipsilateral horner's, ataxia, nystagmus, vomitting, facial pain/temp |
PICA
Lateral medullary/Wallenberg's |
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Artery injured if: Ipsilateral facial paralysis, pain and temp, and dystaxia
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AICA
Lateral inferior pontine syndrome |
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Artery injured if: Contralateral homonymous hemiopia with macular sparing
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Posterior cerebral
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Artery injured if: Contralateral face and arm paralysis and sensory loss with either aphasia (if dominant) or spacial neglect
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Middle cerebral
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Artery injured if: Leg/foot motor and sensory deficits
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Anterior cerebral
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Artery injured if: CN III palsy (eyes look down and out)
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Posterior communicating artery
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Artery injured if: Pure motor hemiparesis
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Lateral striate ("arteries of stroke") to the internal capsule
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Locked in syndrome (CN III intact)
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basilar artery (ventral pons)
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Where are the watershed areas typically affected with hypotension?
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Get wedge shaped infarcts in hippocampus, neocortex, and purkinje cells of the cerebellum = extremity weakness and higher-order processing deficits
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Type of stroke that = pure motor of pure sensory deficits?
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Lacunar stroke = small arterioles due to lipohyalinosis and atherosclerosis (secondary to htn)
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Spinal cord lesion if: flaccid paralysis
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Anterior horn destruction (LMN) = polio or Werdnig-Hoffman
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Spinal cord lesion if: scanning speech, intention tremor, and nystagmus
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Random, asymmetric demyelinating lesions = MS
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Spinal cord lesion if: both UMN and LMN signs without sensory or cognitive deficits
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Anterior horns and lateral columns = ALS (SOD defect or betel nuts)
(dots at ant horns and lateral to posterior) |
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Spinal cord lesion if: complete occlusion of the anterior spinal artery
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All lesioned by dorsal columns and tract of lissauer = UMN and LMN signs with intact sensory
(everything but between post horns) |
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Spinal cord lesion if: impaired proprioception that leads to locomotor ataxia
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Degeneration of the dorsal roots and columns = Tabes dorsalis of tertiary syphillis
(between post horns) |
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Spinal cord lesion if: bilateral loss of pain and temperature (usually in the upper extremities)
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Syringomyelia = anterior white commisure of spinothalamic tract damaged - seen with Arnold Chiari II
(dot between anterior horns) |
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Spinal cord lesion if: ataxic gait, hyperreflexia, and impaired position and vibration sense
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Dorsal columns and lateral corticospinal tracts = B12/E deficiency or Friedreich's ataxia
(between post horns and dots lateral to post horns) |
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Spinal cord lesion if:
1. ipsilateral UMN and proprioception loss 2. contralateral pain and temp 3. ipsilateral loss of all sensation at level of lesion with LMN signs |
Hemisection of the spinal cord = Brown-Sequard syndrome
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Ipsilateral medial rectus palsy on adduction with nystagmus in abducting eye but normal convergence
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Medial longitudinal fasiculus = "intranuclear opthalmoplegia" (often seen in MS)
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Bitemporal hemianopia
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Optic chiasm
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Upper quadrant anopia
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contralateral temporal lesion (MCA)
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Lower quadrant anopia
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contralateral parietal lesion (MCA)
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Homonymous hemianopia
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Contralateral optic tract lesion
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Central scotoma
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macular degeneration
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