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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
causes of PMS |
-unknown -excess estrogen in cycle & deficient progesterone or both -hypothalamic -pituitary dysregulation -effect of reproductive hormones on brain chemicals (endorphins, melatonin, serotonin) |
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diagnoses of PMS and PMDD |
data from menstrual diary client keeps daily recording of symptoms for at least 2 months |
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classic finding of PMS or PMDD |
symptom free during period between onset of menstruation and ovulation |
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treatment of PMS depends on |
severity and type of symptoms experienced |
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PMS therapy to manipulate cyclic fluctuation in estrogen and progesterone with these drugs |
oral contraceptives progesterone synthetic androgens GnRH gonadotropin releasing hormones histrelin (Supprelin) and nafarelin (Synarel) for only 6 months |
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remember the client taking NSAID for PMS recommend to |
take with food to avoid gastric upset |
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client who take GnRH analog may experience |
vaginal dryness that can make vaginal intercourse painful loss of bone density mass similiar to osteoporosis |
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vitamin may reduce breast tenderness PMS |
Vitamin E |
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vitamin to reduce bloating and body aches PMS |
1200 mg Calcium divided into 3 doses 3 times a day |
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vitamin to reduce pain, water retention, and dysphoria (cramps) PMS |
400 mg magnesium |
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vitamin to reduce irritability , fatigue , depression PMS |
100 mg of Vit B6 over 500 mg of B6 can cause sensory neuropathy which disappears after the supplement use stops |
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drugs contain estrogen/progesterone used 5 |
-suppress ovulation as birth control -interfere with tubal transport of sperm or fertilized ovum -suppress embryonic implantation -relieve symptoms of menstrual disorders -regulate menstrual cycles |
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polycystic ovarian syndrome |
mulitiendocrine disorder linked to insulin resistance that causes infertility |
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if an adolescent female experiences infrequent menses |
(oligomenorrhea) nurse tells her it is normal if it is within 1 year or more before regular mensus starts |
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After hysterectomy the nurse counts the number of pads used to determine |
the amount of blood loss, looking for SOS of hemmoraghe . |
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risk of hemorraghe nurse takes BP Q / SOS after hysterectomy |
Q 15 minutes if bleeding severe check for rapid blood pressure fall check for rapid pulse |
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why does the nurse record color of blood loss after hysterectomy , risk of and 2 |
-risk of hemorraghe -bright red indicates arterial bleeding -dark blood venous blood |
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the rational to report excessive blood loss or blood clot signs after hysterectomy 1 & tx 2 |
-risk of hemmorage, -blood transfusion maybe required -IV fluid maybe to prevent shock |
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After hysterectomy how does the nurse monitor for parlytic ileus or abdominal distention 2 and report 4 things |
-palpate abdoment Q 4 hour for rigitity -encourage early ambulation (dangle legs before, and ambulate as soon as possible) -REPORT -abdominal discomfort -nausea -distention -diminished or faint bowel sounds |
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how does the nurse eliminate gas after hysterectomy to prevent distention of abdominal |
maybe a rectal tube would be ordered by physician |
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to prevent thrombophlebitis after hysterectomy nurse 5 |
-remove and reapply anitembolism stockings Q 8 hours -active leg exercises Q 2-4 hours -assess for calf and leg swelling / tenderness bilaterally Q shift -do NOT place pillows beneath knees or raise knees with the electric bed -ambulate as much as possible /tolerated |
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after hysterectomy the nurse checks for risk of urinary retention by 5 |
-measure intake /output Q shift -palpate lower abdomen for distention -measure volume of each void for small amounts (mean retention) -encourage liberal fluid intake -report bladder distention in absence of voiding |
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risk for disturbed body image related to sexual and physical consequences hysterectomy 3 |
-give client opportunity to verbalize fears and perceptions -clarify that hysterectomy does not physically compromise libido or ability to achieve orgasm -does not cause premature aging, depression or masculinization |
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taking antibiotics for a long time or repeated courses of antibiotic therapy can lead to |
growth of C . albicans , a fungal microbe in vagina |
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as women age the vagina PH becomes more |
alkaline , which predisoses women to infection |
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contributing factors for older women getting perineal pruritus |
-diet -clothing worn -vaginal discharge |
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Candida albicans characteristics 4 |
curdy white discharge thick strong odor burning with urination fungus |
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Trichomonas vaginalis characteristics 4 |
yellow white discharge foamy foul odor severe itching protozoan |
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gardnerella vaginalis characteristics 4 |
gray white discharge watery fishy odor more discharge after intercourse bacterial |
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first symptom of vaginal infection |
abnormal vaginal discharge |
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diagnoses of infection made by distinguising infection |
diagnoses made by visual and microscopic exam characteristics of discharge help determine which type |
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vaginal infection usually accompanied by 4 of surrounding tissues |
-itching -redness -swelling -burning of surrounding tissues |
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atrophic vaginitis remedied by |
estrogen replacement administered by topical cream |
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if a person has vaginitis and DM the nurse must check |
that blood glucose is regulated, is important aspect of treatment |
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The first time a woman has a yeast infection |
you should go to doctor to get a medicine, then use OTC drugs after if you get it again . Initial diagnoses should be made by physician |
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to relieve itching, burning, swelling of vulva and perineum with vagintis recommendation |
sitz bath |
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if you must douch then only |
-avoid routing douching when asymptomatic -to combat vaginitis may use daily solution of 1/2 tbs white vinegar with 1 pint of water for 10-14 days |
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with vaginitis there is discharge, to keep skin intact you should apply |
skin creams containing zinc |
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for clients who are taking Metronidazole (Flagyl) advise (trich and bacterial ) 5 |
-no first trimester of pregnany (give test) -partner may need to be treated -administer with food -avoid alcohol SEVERE REACTION -darkening of urine may occur |
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besides head ache , dizziness , N & V , diarrhea other SE of metronidiazole (Flagyl) 3 |
-ataxia -unpleasant metallic taste -darkening of urine |
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Clotrimazole, and other azol medications for fungal infections teaching |
-obtain culture first -after inserting in vaginal canal remain recumbent position (lying down) or administer at bedtime -continue through your period if necessary -use condom -wear pad to prevent stain of underwear -partner made need treatment |
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SE of azole creams 5 |
-cramping -N & V -urinary frequency -erythema -stinging |
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antibiotic sulfisoxazole (Gantrisin) SE |
N & V headache abdominal pain photosensitivity hematuria (blood in urine) agranulocytosis (def in granulocytes in blood causing risk for infection ) |
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teaching for Sulfoxazole (Gantrisin) antibiotic |
-DC if hypersensitivity occurs -emtpy stomach with full glass of water -complete all REPORT rash, hematuria, fever, SOB, drowsiness N & V , diarrhea |