Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
62 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
haploid (N) |
23 |
|
diploid (2N) |
46 |
|
euploid |
normal number of chromosomes (46) |
|
aneploid |
wrong number of chromosomes |
|
Trisomy 21 |
when you have 2 number 21 chromosomes traits: round forehead, short in stature, short extremities. |
|
epicanthal fold |
the skin of the upper eyelid that covers the inner corner of the eye. The fold runs from nose to the inner side of the eyebrow.
|
|
simian fold |
extra "lifeline"; the creases in the hand |
|
autosomes |
chromosomes 1-22 are called __. |
|
gametes |
sex cells; chromosome 23 |
|
kinefelter |
xxy instead of 46 chromosomes the diploid number would be 47 |
|
turner syndrome |
xy distinctively female, IQ lessened, webbed neck, short in stature, elbows permanently turned inward. |
|
super females |
xxy |
|
super males |
xyy |
|
chromosomal aberrations |
problems with chromosomes |
|
criduchat |
on chromosome 5 there is a deletion that occurs. results in an individual that has failure to thrive. common in children, make cat sounds |
|
does DNA contain histones? |
yes |
|
do proteins contain histones? |
no |
|
histones |
They are the chief protein components of chromatin, acting as spools around which DNA winds, and playing a role in gene regulation.
|
|
xx |
female |
|
xy |
male |
|
DNA |
Double helix |
|
two personality traits of DNA: |
1. undergoes replication (makes copy of itself) 2. involved in protein synthesis. produces protein |
|
anchondroplasia |
a hereditary condition in which the growth of long bones by ossification of cartilage is retarded, resulting in very short limbs and sometimes a face that is small in relation to the (normal-sized) skull. Aa children point mutation ex: scell frame shift mutation |
|
histology |
the stufy of tissues |
|
tissues are composed of? |
grouped cells similar in structure and function and preform a particular job |
|
tissues are associated with an __ __. |
tissues are associated with an extracellular matrix. |
|
extracellular matrix |
non-living material amount varied from tissue to tissue functions: support, protect, and aids in wound healing, growth , and development, immune response, and the connection of tissues |
|
epithelial tissue |
the type of tissue that covers the body. lining tissue connected to a lower level or basement membrane characteristics: thin, regular shaped, can absorb, can exist in single or multi layered forms, even some glands are considered epithelial. |
|
simple epithelial tissue |
type of epithelial tissue that contains 1 layer |
|
stratified epithelial tissie |
type of epithelial tissue that is multilayered |
|
pseudo stratified tissue |
type of tissue that appears multilayered but isn't |
|
cubodial tissue |
type of tissue that is 3D and cube shaped |
|
squamos tissue |
type of tissue that is flat |
|
columnar tissue |
column shaped tissue |
|
transitional tissue |
type of tissue that has various shapes; stretchy ex:bladder |
|
connective tissue |
a tissue that makes up a significant portion of the human body mass characteristics: gives support, some is capable of hematopoiesis, immunity, storage of fat, repair, and insulation/cushioning. vasculized. |
|
elastic fiber |
fiber made up of elastin capable of stretching associated with organs |
|
mast cell |
produce histamine important in inflammatory responses. dilates small vessels too much histamine causes allergic reactions |
|
adipose/ fat tissue |
type of connective tissue that can occur singularly or in clusters good for cushioning, insulation, storage of energy in the form of fat found in numerous places on the body |
|
cartilage tissue |
type of connective tissue that is very common provides support, allows movement, not much blood |
|
hyaline cartilage |
type of cartilage that gives support, protection found in various locations on the body such as your trachea or ends of long bones |
|
fibro cartilage |
type of cartilage that has a lot of fiber; pretty dense and tough
|
|
elastic cartilage |
types of cartilage made of elastin can be found on the pinna of the ear or the tip of the nose |
|
marfan syndrome |
An inherited disorder that affects connective tissue.
Including serious conditions like aortic enlargement. |
|
bone/osseous tissue |
type of tissue that is very distinct under a microscope functions: important in protection and support, production of blood cells, stores calcium, stores energy and calcium |
|
spongy bone |
found at the ends of long bones ex: sternum and frontal bone when broken it has struts or spaces called trabeculae; and between these struts we find bone marrow |
|
osteocyte |
working unit of bone
compact or dense bone |
|
glandular tissue |
a tissue that consists of a complex network designed to carry milk to the nipple. made to secrete or release a substance. can be secreted into a duct or body surface.
|
|
simple squamos tissue |
type of epithelial tissue that is held together tightly single and flat connected to basement membrane highly developed for osmosis and diffusion |
|
epithelium tissue |
the thin tissue forming the outer layer of a body's surface and lining the alimentary canal and other hollow structures; lines the inside of vessels |
|
mesothelium |
a membrane composed of simple squamous cells that forms the lining of several body cavities including the abdominal pelvic region |
|
simple cubodial tissue |
type of epithelial tissue that has one layer and is shaped like cubes important in diffusion and osmosis location:lines ducts, surface of the ovaries, and kidney tubules |
|
simple columnar tissue |
epithelial tissue that single layer column shaped can be both non-ciliated and ciliated location fallopian tubes |
|
goblet cell |
shiny cells that secrete mucus |
|
pseudo-stratified cliated columnar tissue |
type of epithelial tissue that is 1 layer and columned shaped location: tachea |
|
stratified squamos tissue |
epithelial tissue that is multilayered and square shaped associated with keratin waterproofing some non-keratin: more delicate ex: lining of the esophagus or the vagina |
|
transitional epithelium tissue |
types of epithelial tissue best known for its ability to stretch made up of several layers of cells location: lining of the bladder |
|
endocrine glands |
glands that make hormones and secrete them into ducts and carried by the circulatory system to reach a specific target we have a variety of these glands in our body |
|
exocrine glands |
the most numerous gland type in the human body secrete substances directly to the surface. some secretions may include sweat, tears, milk, or saliva pancreas has exocrine functions |
|
merocrine |
a term used to classify exocrine glands and their secretions in the study of histology. A cell is classified as merocrine if the secretions of that cell are excreted via exocytosis from secretory cells into an epithelial-walled duct or ducts and thence onto a bodily surface or into the lumen. |
|
apocrine gland |
a type of gland that breaks away upon secretion (sudoriferous) ex: cat marking, sunk defense, mammary gland |
|
holocrine gland |
a type of gland that entirely breaks away during secretion ex: sebaceous glands such as acne or cysts, ceruminous glands that produce cerumen (earwax glands), meibomian gland (found in the eye) |