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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What are the 3 major categories of therapists' procedures?
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Insight, Behavior, and Biomedical
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Who seeks treatment more: Males or females?
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No, females seek treatment more
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Who seeks treatment more: Whites, Hispanics or Blacks?
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Whites --> Hispanics --> Blacks
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Who seeks treatment more: Insured or Uninsured?
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Insured
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Who seeks treatment more: those with more education or less education?
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More. Those who go forward in their education tend to seek treatment more than those who don't.
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Clinical psychologists and Counseling psychologists
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Specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders and everyday behavioral problems
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Psychiatrists
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Physicians who specialize in the diagnosis and treatment of psychological disorders
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What are other professions that provide treatment?
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Clinical social workers, Psychiatric nurses, Counselors, and Marriage and Family therapists
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What are the goals of therapy?
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- Reaching a diagnosis
- Proposing a cause (etiology) - Make a prognosis - Treatment |
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What are the types of therapy?
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Eclectic/ Integrative 27%
Cognitive 24% Psychoanalytic 18% Behavioral 13% Other 15% Humanistic 3% |
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Insight therapies
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Involve verbal interactions intended to enhance clients' self-knowledge and thus promote healthful changes in personality and behavior
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Psychoanalysis
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An insight therapy that emphasizes the recovery of unconscious conflicts, motives, and defenses through techniques such as free association and transference
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What are some therapeutic procedures used in psychoanalysis?
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Probing the Unconscious
Resistance and Transference Modern Psychodynamic Treatments |
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Free association
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Clients spontaneously express their thoughts and feelings exactly as they occur, with as little censorship as possible (Probing the Unconscious)
- Patient just freely talking |
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Dream analysis
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The therapist interprets the symbolic meaning of the client's dreams (Probing the Unconscious
- Patients recall dreams by writing them down or talking about them |
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Psychodynamic Approach (Problem and Goal)
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Problem: forbidden id impulses are trying to break through
Goal: bringing the conflicts to consciousness, where they can be confronted and worked through |
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Client-centered therapy
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An insight therapy that emphasizes providing a supportive emotional climate for clients, who play a major role in determining the pace and direction of their therapy
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Group therapy
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The simultaneous treatment of several clients in a group
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Couples or marital therapy
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Involves the treatment of both partners in a committed relationship, intimate relationship, in which the main focus is on the relationship issues
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Family therapy
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Involves the treatment of a family unit as a whole, in which the main focus is on family dynamics and communication
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Behavioral Approach (Problem and Goal)
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Problem: Problematic learning contingencies
Goal: Create more adaptive contingencies |
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What are 2 types of behavioral techniques?
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Gradual exposure and Systematic Desensitization
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Systematic desensitization
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A behavior therapy used to reduce client's phobic responses
Relaxation + Exposure (teaching relaxation techniques) (Behavior Therapies) |
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Exposure therapies
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Clients are confronted with situations that they fear so that they learn that these situations are really harmless
(Behavior Therapies) |
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Aversion therapy
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Uses classical conditioning to create a negative response to a stimulus that has elicited problematic behavior
(Behavior Therapies) |
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Social skills training
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A behavior therapy designed to improve interpersonal skills that emphasizes modeling, behavioral rehearsal, and shaping
(Behavior Therapies) |
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Cognitive-behavioral treatments
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Use combinations of vernal interventions and behavior modification techniques to help clients change maladaptive patterns of thinking
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Cognitive therapy
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Specific strategies to correct habitual thinking errors that underlie various types of disorders
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Cognitive Approach (Problem and Goal)
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Problem: inappropriate thinking (Cognitive distortions)
Goal: clarify distorted cognitions and learn appropriate ways of thinking Treatment: Cognitive restructuring (replacing distorted patterns of thinking with more adaptive patterns) |
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Humanistic Approach (Problem and Goal)
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Problem: Incongruence between actual and ideal selves
Goa: become more congruent by increasing self-acceptance |
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Biomedical therapies
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Physiological interventions intended to reduce symptoms associated with psychological disorders
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Biological Approaches (Problem and Goal)
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Problem: physical problem
Goa: correct the underlying biological malfunction |
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Antianxiety drugs
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Which reduce tension, apprehension and nervousness; works over a few hours
EX: Valium and Xanax |
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Antipsychotic drugs
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Used to gradually reduce psychotic symptoms, including hyperactivity, mental confusion, hallucinations, and delusions; decreases activity at dopamine synapses
EX: Thorazine, haldol |
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What happens when people have too much or too little dopamine?
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Too much: Hallucinations and delusions
Too little: Motor Problems (Parkinson's Disease) |
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Tardive dyskinesia
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Neurological disorder marked by involuntary writhing and ticlike movements of the mouth, tongue, face, hands, or feet
- Occurs over long time of taking medication |
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Antidepressant drugs
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Gradually elevate mood and help bring people out of a depression
EX: Prozac, Zoloft |
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Mood stabilizers
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Drugs that are used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders
EX: Lithium, Depakote |
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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
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Biomedical treatment in which electric shock is used to produce a cortical seizure accompanies by convulsions
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Eclecticism
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Involves drawing ideas from two or more systems of therapy instead of committing to just one system
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Mental hospital
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Medical institution specializing in providing inpatient care for psychological disorders
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Deinstitutionalization
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Refers to transferring the treatment of mental illness from inpatient institutions to community-based facilities that emphasize outpatient care
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