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38 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
What is OSHA? |
OSHA is the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, part of the US Department of Labor to regulate and enforce safety and health standards to protect employees in the workplace |
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The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 created what communication standard? |
HCS, the Hazard Communication Standard, was created as a result of the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970. |
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What information protocol is a result of the Hazard Communication Standard (HCS) ? |
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) is a result of the HCS. Manufacturers are required to assess and communicate potential hazards associated with their products. |
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What authority requires manufacturers to supply MSDS for their products? |
Both federal and state law requires MSDS be available for all products sold. |
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Who regulates and gives fines in connection with MSDS? |
OSHA and state board inspectors can issue fines for salons, spas, medical offices, and medi-spas for not having MSDS documents available during regular business hours. |
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What federal agency registers disinfectants? |
The Environmental Protection Agency ( EPA ) registers all types of disinfectants sold and used in the United States. |
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What is tuberculosis? |
Tuberculosis is a disease caused by bacteria that are transmitted through coughing or sneezing. |
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What is another name for a law? |
Statutes |
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What is the difference between a law and a rule or regulation? |
Rules and regulations are more specific than laws |
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What is infection control? |
Infection control are the methods used to eliminate or reduce the transmission of infectious organisms. |
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What is an infectious disease? |
An infectious disease is caused by pathogenic (harmful) organisms that enter the body. An infectious disease may or may not be spread from person to person. |
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What level of cleaning destroys most, but not necessarily all, harmful organisms on environmental surfaces? |
Disinfection |
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Disinfectants used in salons, spas, and medical facilities must kill what organisms? |
The disinfectants must kill bacteria (bactericidal), virus (virucidal), and fungi (fungicidal) |
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What is bacteria? |
Bacteria are one-celled microorganisms that have both plant and animal characteristics |
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What is a microorganism? |
A microorganism is any organism of microscopic or submicroscopic size. |
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What are the two categories of bacteria? |
Nonpathogenic and pathogenic |
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Define nonpathogenic bacteria? |
Nonpathogenic bacteria are harmless organisms that may perform useful functions. In the human body nonpathogenic bacteria help break down food, protect the body from infection and stimulate the immune system |
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Define pathogenic bacteria? |
Pathogenic bacteria are harmful microorganisms that can cause disease or infection when they invade the body. |
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Name the 3 basic types of bacteria. |
Cocci Bacilli Spirilla |
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Describe Staphylococci and it's effect on humans |
Staphylococci are pus-forming bacteria that grow in clusters, like a bunch of grapes. They cause abscesses, pustules, and boils. |
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Describe Streptococci and it's effect on humans. |
Streptococci are pus-forming bacteria arranged in curved lines resembling a string of beads. |
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Describe Diplococci and it's effect on humans. |
Diplococci are spherical bacteria that grow in pairs and cause diseases such as pneumonia. |
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Describe parasites and it's effect on humans. |
Parasites are organisms that grow, feed, and shelter on or in another organism (referred to as the host). They contribute nothing to the survival of that organism. Parasites must have a host to survive |
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Define toxin |
Various poisonous substances produced by some microorganisms (bacteria and viruses) |
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Define virus |
A parasitic submicroscopic particle that infects and resides in cells of biological organisms. A virus is capable of replication only through taking over the host cells reproductive function. |
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When bacteria reach their largest size they divide into two new cells this division is called what? |
Binary fission |
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What is a fluid created by infection? |
Pus |
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Define local infection |
An infection, such as a pimple or abscess, that is confined to a particular part of the body and appears as a lesion containing pus |
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What type of infections can staph cause? |
Staph is responsible for food poisoning and a wide range of diseases, including toxic shock syndrome |
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What is an occupational disease? |
Illnesses resulting from conditions associated with employment, such as prolonged and repeated overexposure to certain products or ingredients |
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What is a systemic disease? |
Disease that affects the body as a whole, often do to under-functioning or over-functioning internal glands or organs. This disease is carried through the bloodstream or the lymphatic system |
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What is the virus that causes acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) ? |
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) |
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How is the HIV spread? |
HIV is mainly spread through the sharing of needles by IV drug users and by unprotected sexual contact. |
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Tinea pedis, ringworm, or athlete's foot are all common infections involving what type of organism? |
Fungal |
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What fungal infection caused by yeast is characterized by white or varicolored patches on the skin? |
Tinea versicolor, also known as sun spots |
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What contagious skin disease is caused by the itch mite, which burrows under the skin? |
Scabies |
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Define immunity |
The ability of the body to destroy and resist infection |
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Define acquired immunity |
Immunity that the body develops after overcoming a disease, through inoculation (vaccinations) or through exposure to natural allergens such as pollen and ragweed. |