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42 Cards in this Set
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Osteology |
The storehouse of Calcium. Bone tissue is a highly dynamic tissue that undergoes constant change, not only during our growing years, but continuously throughout our lifetime. |
Study of bones. And cartilage |
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Bone tissues |
Biological material combining strength with the expectational ability to remodel and repaired |
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Cartilage-supporting tissue |
Building blocks and classification |
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Cartilage |
"Soft Bone" it is firm but pliable, ideally suited for its primary roles, which are: reduce friction. soft tissue principal shock absorber affectionally called "flexible skeleton" few cells, extracellular matrix * does not have nerves or blood * |
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Cells ~ chondrocytes |
Cartilage cells |
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Extracellular matrix |
Is a complex maze of proteoglycans & proteins ~lot of H20 Function: Joint lubrication by means by means of weeping . |
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Proteoglyncans |
Ground substance are proteins that are heavily glycosylated. The basic proteoglycan unit consists of a "core protein" with one or more covalently attached glycosaminoglyca |
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Collagen |
Fibers Gives us strength. |
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Elastic |
Fibers Stretch & recoil |
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Hyaline cartilage |
Is classification of collagen fiber Few fibers Very smooth and hard like glass Most common cartilage in the body articular surface connecting -external ear -anterior ends of the rib -passages ways of upper respiratory -tract -growth plates |
Eyes & ears |
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Fibrocartilage |
Many thick collagen fibers Rubber, built for absorption ,firm The large number thick collagen fibers that are densely distributed in the rubbery matrix. strong Intevertebral discs menisci b/w the knee joint shock absorption between bones example vertebrae column, knees & ribs |
Knees spine & ribs |
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Elastic fibers |
Elastic cartilage give us elastic it stretches. Is the least common type of cartilage in the body. Thick mesh fibers "guardian of airway" wont let choke ex. Epiglotis throat example outter ear, nose |
Outer |
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Classification |
Similarities to other connective/supporting tissues. - few cells and lots of extracellular matrix highly vascular (bloodvessels /arteries ) packed Differences from other connective/ supporting tissues - very hard |
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Strenght to Resist tension- physical properties of bone tissue |
Tension equals force that pull the material apart contains collagen. |
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Strength to resist compression- physical properties of bone tissue |
Compression equals force that push the material together contains bone salt (Hydroxyapetite) always changing growing (cells) |
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Ability to remodel or change |
Dynamic tissue that can change in response to environmental strain. |
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Osteoblast |
Builds bones everywhere "child cells" New cell |
New cell |
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Osteocyte |
Found in mature bone maintain bone adult cell |
Bone cell " adult cell" |
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Osteoclast |
Degrade bone / destroys it " cleave " |
Bone + klastos = broken breaking |
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Organic components |
Resist tension collagen gives bone its tensile strength . |
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Inorganic components |
Bone salts or minerals . |
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Hydroxyapatite |
The hard stuff of bone. -resist compression affords bone its compressive strength. |
Bone |
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Function of bones |
1) support + muscle attachment 2) protections organs 3) enclosed blood forming elements 4) metabolic role |
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Weight of bone |
22% water 78% organic components and inorganic components Ability to resist tension + compression |
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Compact bone |
Surface of bone appears as dense, solid bone to the unaided eye Microscopically porous |
Surface |
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Osteon |
Fundamental structural compact bone |
= bone. |
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Relation between cells blood vessels and hard matrix . |
1) blood supplies with nutrients 2) cells passes along what not needed to outer cells 3) when nutrients stop, the ring stops |
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Central canal |
Small network of blood vessels & nerves. (Comes out) |
The lil veins |
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Trabecula |
Expands surface area internal bone space between sponge like network of bone containing bone marrow |
Lil beam |
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Bone marrow |
Is a tissue compromised of many cells in imbedded in reticular tissue. -blood cells precursors, macrophages adipose cells & reticular cells |
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LONG - classification of bones |
Greatest length in one dimension |
Femur lg... phalanges smll |
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SHORT - classification of bone |
Cube - like bones |
Like the spine |
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FLAT- classification of bone |
Platelike bones top of head |
Top of head |
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IRREGULAR - classification of bone |
Complex shapes that do not fit in any of the above categories |
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Compact bone distribution. |
Outside + shaft of long bone |
Lengthy outer |
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Spongy bone distribution |
Inside + ends of longbone |
Ends inside spongy |
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Periosteum |
Is a thin layer of dense irregular collagenous connective tissue |
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Articular cartilage |
The articular surface of the bone have a thin covering oh hyaline cartilage and called the articular cartilage |
Cartilage |
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Diaphysis |
"2 ends" the long mid section or long bone line |
Shaft |
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Epiphysis |
End of part of a ling bone |
Ends of bone |
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Medullary cavity |
Hollow center of bone "marrow is store"= marrow cavity yellow bone marrow |
Marrow |
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Nutrient foramen |
Supply the bone with blood vessels= - opening in the bone cavity -carries blood vessels into bone tissues |
Lil vein |