Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Earth's crust
|
-Earth's outermost layer and Earth's thinnest layer
|
|
Earth's plates
|
-gigantic slabs of rock on Earth, always moving
-what Earth's crust is made from |
|
faults
|
-breaks or cracks in Earth's crust where the plates come together
-cause earthquakes |
|
earthquakes
|
-movements in Earth's crust that are caused by a sudden shift of Earth's plates
|
|
Where do earthquakes occur?
|
-most happen near the edges of Earth's plates
|
|
What causes an earthquake?
|
-most happen when Earth's plates meet (the plates are always moving)
-Energy released by sudden motion of plates shakes the crust |
|
creep
|
-slow movement along faults
-usually do no cause large earthquakes where faults are "creeping" |
|
Types of Faults
|
-Normal Fault
-Reverse Fault -Strike-slip Fault |
|
Normal Fault
|
-plates PULL apart
-rocks above the fault surface MOVE DOWN -example is the Sierra Nevada mountains which are formed this way |
|
Reverse Fault
|
-plates PUSH together
-rocks above the fault MOVE UPWARD -example is the Himalayas which are formed this way |
|
Strike-Slip Fault
|
-rocks slide PAST each other in different directions
-example is the San Andreas Fault |
|
Where are the vibrations of an earthquake strongest?
|
-where the earthquake first begins - below the ground
-the vibrations move through Earth's crust in all directions |
|
tsunami
|
-a giant ocean wave
-usually caused by earthquakes on the ocean floor -some are caused by earthquakes on the ocean floor -a few are caused by underwater landslides and volcanoes |
|
Effects of Tsunamis
|
-can wash away shores and damage property
-can harm people and animals |