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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
what are phospholipid molecules |
lipid molecules that are aligned in two layers |
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head: polar and hydrophilic (likes water) tail: non polar and hydrophobic (doesn't like water |
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where are intergral proteins located |
embedded in the bilayer |
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are peripheral proteins embedded in the bilayer? |
no |
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What do proteins do? |
-transport molecules -act as enzymes -receptors that receive messages - signal transduction -maintain cell structure (attached to cytoskeleten) -used in cell to cell recognition -used in intercellular joining (skin cells) |
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WHat do carbohydrates do? |
-attached to proteins facing outside the cell -act as identification markers for other cells |
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The cell membrane is _________ bc some substances can pass through while others cannot |
selectively permeable |
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study that |
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passive transport definition |
movement of molecules without the use of energy |
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diffusion definition |
movement of molecules from a high area of concentration to a low area of concentration or down the concentration gradient |
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WHat molecules diffuse easily through the membrane? |
-Gases (oxygen, carbon dioxide) -small nonpolar molecules |
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What happens after molecule are diffused across the membrane? |
equilibrium is reached |
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facilitated diffusion definition |
process in which molecules move from high to low concentration through a protein |
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WHat kind of molecules move through the membrane with facilitated diffusion? |
ions and larger molecules like glucos |
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Is energy required in facilitated diffusion? |
no |
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Osmosis definition |
the diffusion of water through a membrane |
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Is osmosis a type of facilitated diffusion? |
yes |
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What is aquaporins? |
water traveling through proteins |
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In osmosis, water moves to where there is a higher concentration of ______ |
solute |
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Isotonic definition |
the same concentration of solute in two solutions |
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Hypertonic definition |
has a higher concentration of solute compared to another solution |
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hypotonic |
has a lower concentration of solute compared to another solution |
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active transport definitoon |
movement of molecules against a gradient with the use of energy |
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protein pumps |
proteins that pump ions across a cell membrane |
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sodium potassium pumps |
protein pump that moves 3Na+ out of the cell and 2K+ into the cell |
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Nerve impulse |
example of membrane proteins in action |
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What does Bulk Transport use? |
ATP energy |
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endocytosis |
taking the material into the cell by infoldings of the membrane that form vesicles |
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Phagocytosis |
taking in large food particles or whole cells (white blood cells) |
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pinocytosis |
taking in liquid droplets |
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exocytosis |
when cells release a large amount of materials with the use of a vesicle |
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endo vs exo diagram |
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cell membrane diagram |
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sodium potassium pumps diagram |
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different types of solutions diagram |
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facilitated diffusion diagram |
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