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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Which statement about the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is NOT correct? |
If excessive Na+ is excreted, blood pressure and body fluid volume increase |
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The metabolic rate of an endotherm ______ at low environmental temperatures while the metabolic rate of an ectotherm ________ at low environmental temperatures. |
rises; falls |
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The nonselective movement of water and a number of solutes into excretory system tubules is |
filtration |
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Suppose that the osmotic response element is in a promoter joined to the coding region of luciferase, and this composite gene is in cultured renal medulla cells. The cells should glow when they are placed in a medium that is _______ to the cells. |
hyperosmotic |
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Which of the following excretory tubule segments in mammals consumes the most ATP? |
ascending segment of the loop of Henle *ATP-Ascending |
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Which of the following statements is NOT correct? |
all of the choices are correct |
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Osmolarity is the outcome of the |
total solute concentration in a solution |
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Most marine invertebrates are osmoconformers, therefore: |
the cells of these animals do not shrink or swell bc the osmolarity of their cells and extracellular fluids is the same as seawater |
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In which of the following excretory tubule segments in mammals does about 65 percent of the water from the filtrate get reabsorbed? |
proximal convoluted tubule *SiXty-proXimal |
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Molecules and ions reabsorbed from the nephron reenter the blood at the |
peritubular capillaries |
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Which of the following is an adaptation that allows kangaroo rats to produce urine that is 20 times more concentrated than body fluids? |
a longer loop of Henle in the nephron |
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Suppose that you have a cell with a membrane that is permeable to water but not to Na+ or Cl- or any other solute. There is more NaCl outside the cell than inside the cell, and the osmolarity of the cell is higher than that of the solution surrounding the cell. Which of the following should occur? |
Overall, the cell should take up water |
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The urine of marine mammals is ______ when compared to ________. |
hyperosmotic; seawater |
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Sharks and rays deal with the osmotic stress of living in seawater mainly by |
maintaining high levels of urea and trimethylamine oxide in body fluids |
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The selective movement of specific small molecules and ions into excretory system tubules is |
secretion *Selective-Specific-Secretion |
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What is the effect of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) on the kidney? |
ADH increases water absorption in the kidneys |
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Where are the osmoreceptors that trigger the release of ADH? |
hypothalamus |
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The movement of some molecules and ions out of the excretory system tubules and back into body fluids is |
reabsorption *out and back |
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In which of the following excretory tubule segments in mammals does essentially all of the glucose and amino acids from the filtrate get reabsorbed? |
proximal convoluted tubule *remember bc 65% of the water gets reabsorbed here |
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Which of the following, produced from a blood protein as part of the chain of events in response to a significant drop in blood pressure, quickly raises blood pressure by constricting many arterioles? |
angiotensin *think angio=small/constrict (angioplasty) |