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65 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Simple Squamous Epithelium
Function: Diffusion and smooth lining Location: Lung, Heart, Blood vessels |
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Stratified Squamous Epithelium
Function: Resists abrasion, infection, water loss Location: Epidermis, vagina, oral cavity |
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Simple Cuboidal Epithelium
Function: Absorption and secretion Location: Kidneys, tubules and liver |
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Simple Columnar Epithelium
Function: Absorption and secretion Location: From stomach to intestines |
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Pseudostratified Ciliated Columnar
Function: Secretes mucous, traps "dust" Location: Some respiratory passages |
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Smooth muscle
Function: Involuntary contractions Location: digestive tract, respiratory tract, blood vessels |
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Transitional Epithelium
Function: Allows for stretching of urinary bladder Location: urinary bladder, ureter |
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Pineal Gland
Increased production melatonin at night, decreased melatonin by day (may contribute to sleep patterns) |
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Hypothalamus
Regulates primitive functions Secretes simulating and inhibiting hormones that act on other hormone releasing glands |
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Pituitary gland
Has two major lobes: Anterior and Posterior |
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Thyroid histology
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Basophil
S-shaped nucleus if you could see it Involved with inflammatory and allergic reactions |
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Eosionophil
Increased during parasitic infections and allergic reactions |
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Neutrophil
Increase for acute bacterial infections |
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Lymphocyte
Two groups: B cells, T cells Increased with viral infections |
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Monocyte
Increase with chronic infection |
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Sickle-cell anemia
sticky and agglutinate easily beneficial to heterozygous individuals, lethal to homozygous recessive individuals |
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Mononucleosis
caused by EBV (Epstein-Barr virus) causes increase of lymphocytes in blood |
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Body-vena cava-right atrium-right ventricle-pulmonary arteries-lungs-pulmonary veins-left atrium-left ventricle-aorta-body
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Blood flow through the heart
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Atrial Depolarization
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P Wave
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Ventricular depolarization
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QRS complex
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Ventricular repolarization (also arterial repolarization)
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T wave
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1. Muscular contraction
2. Muscular relaxation |
Depolarization triggers ________________
Repolarization triggers _________________ |
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Black= Ascending Aorta
Red= Vena Cava (superior) Purple= Interatrial septum Gray= Right atrium Green= Right ventricle Pink= Left ventricle Light Blue= Interventricular septum Dark Blue= Left atrium Yellow= Pulmonary vein Orange= Pulmonary artery White= Aortic arch |
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Black=Aortic arch
Pink= Pulmonary artery Yellow= Coronary sinus Green= Vena cava Blue= Superior vena cava Orange= Inferior Vena cava Red= Ascending aorta |
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Red= trabeculae carneae
Black= Right atrioventricular (AV) valve Blue= Chordae Tendineae Green= Papillary muscle Light green= Papillary muscle Yellow= Chordae tendineae Orange= Left AV valve White= Aortic semilunar valve Pink= Pulmonary semilunar valve |
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Atherosclerosis
Hardening of arteries-obstructs lumen and deteriorates artery |
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Lingual Gland
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Palatine Gland
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Pharyngeal gland
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Spleen
Blue= Red Pulp (RBC graveyard) Red= Central Artery Green= White Pulp (lymphocyte production) |
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Blood vessel
Black= Tunica interna Yellow= Tunica Externa Blue= Tunica Media Red= lumen |
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Tonsil
1st line of defense against invading pathogens from mouth and nose Has tonsilar crypts that increase surface area |
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Thymus Gland
Lighter region: Medulla; has T-Cells (self-recognition, immunocompetence Darker region: cortex (developing T-Cells) |
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Spleen
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Lymph Node
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Fluid recovery, immunity, lipid absorption
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Function of Lymphatic system
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Bronchi-Bronchioles-Respiratory Bronchioles-Alveolar ducts-Alveoli
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Flow of Air
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VC=IRV+ERV+TV
VC= total volume of air that can be forcefully expelled from the lungs after maximal inhalation IRV= Max amount of air that can be inhaled after normal inhalation ERV= max amount of air that can be exhaled after normal exhalation TV= tidal volume-the normal volume of breath that can be inhaled and exhaled |
Vital Capacity (VC)=
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Anthracosis or Black Lung
Deposition of carbon tissue along alveolar tissue |
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Emphysema
Loss of elasticity in lungs |
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The Pharynx
Green= Uvula Red= Pharyngeal tonsils-"catch" incoming particles Yellow= Nasopharynx Orange= Oropharynx Black= Glottis Brown/purple= Laryngopharynx Blue= Larynx |
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Dark Green= The nose
Pink= Pharynx Black=Trachea Red= Lungs Dark Blue= Bronchi Yellow=Larynx Light green=Nasal cavity |
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Blue=Vestibule
Gray=External nares Green= Nasal cavity Light Green= Internal nares Black= Inferior nasal turbinates Red= Middle nasal turbinates Yellow= Superior nasal turbinates |
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Pink= Trachea
Light green= Right superior lobe Purple= Tertiary bronchi Light blue= Secondary bronchi Brown= Right Middle lobe Dark blue= Right/left inferior lobe Red= Cardiac notch Dark green= Left superior lobe Yellow= Primary bronchi |
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Filters dissolved materials from blood
Regulates fluid volume and electrolytes Concentrates and releases waste products Reabsorbs important metabolites |
Urinary function
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Collecting duct- minor calyx- major calyx- renal pelvis- ureter- bladder- urethra
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Flow of urine
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Red= Kidney
Yellow= Adipose tissue Gray= Bladder White= Ureter Green= renal artery |
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Kidney Yellow- Minor calyxWhite- Major calyx Pink= Renal pelvis Blue= Ureter Red= Renal pyramid Green= Renal papilla |
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Cortex of Kidney
Circles are glomerulus White spaces are convoluted tubules (simple cuboidal epithelium) |
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Kidney
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Medulla of kidney
Has collecting ducts |
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Parotid gland
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Sublingual gland
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Submandibular gland
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Stomach
Fxn: Break down food further using mechanical and chemical digestion |
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Esophagus-stomach junction
Esophagus: Stratified squamous Stomach: Simple columnar |
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Duodenum
Fxn: Primarily digestion, especially lipids Duodenal glands produce alkaline secretion |
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Jejunum
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Illeum
Has Peyer's Patches-another line of defense against pathogens |
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Large Intestine
Fxn: Water absorption, feces formation, some vitamin and solute absorbtion |
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LiverFxn: Produces bile, detoxification of blood, bilirubin absorption
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Pancreas
Dark=Acinar cells, Light= Pancreatic islet cells Endocrine function: Insulin and glucagon Exocrine function: secretes alkalinic pancreatic juice |
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1. Produce sex hormones
2. Produce functional gametes 3. Protect, support and deliver embryo 4. Nourish newborn |
Function of the Female Reproductive System
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Process of oocyte production
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Oogenesis
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