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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
List 3 problems of Kekule's model for benzene |
It would be too reactive, would undergo addition reactions and has a too high enthalpy of hydrogenation |
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How does bonding work in Kekule's model of Benzene? |
Three double bonds would move constantly |
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Why is benzene unreactive? |
Due to the delocalised electron system |
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What type of reaction does benzene usually undergo? |
Electophilic Substitution |
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Describe the length of c-c bonds in benzene |
In-between the length of a single and double c-c bond |
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Why does benzene have a low enthalpy of hydrogenation? |
Due to delocalisation stabilisation |
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Conditions for benzene reaction |
Halogen carrier and 50°C |
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Explain the relative resistance to bromination of Benzene compared with alkenes (4) LIST POINTS 1-4 |
1) In benzene, electrons are delocalised 2) In alkenes, pi electrons are localised 3) Benzene has a lower electron density 4) Benzene polarises bromine less |
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Why does benzene undergo substitution reactions? |
This keeps the low energy delocalised electron system intact |
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Why is phenol more reactive than benzene? (3) |
The lone pair of electrons from oxygen are drawn into the benzene ring, increasing the ring's electron density, the ring is activated |
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Which areas of phenol allow bonding, and Why? |
Positions 2, 4 and 6, due to their high electron density |
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What reagent reacts with both a carboxylic acid and an alcohol, formula and name? |
NaOH, Sodium hydroxide |